| 一种新型重力测量卫星系统确定全球重力场的性能分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐新禹,姜卫平,张晓敏,周晓青,丁延卫,朱广彬.一种新型重力测量卫星系统确定全球重力场的性能分析[J].地球物理学报,2018,61(6):2227-2236. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐新禹 姜卫平 张晓敏 周晓青 丁延卫 朱广彬 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 武汉大学测绘学院, 武汉 430079;
2. 武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心, 武汉 430079;
3. 航天东方红卫星有限公司, 北京 100094;
4. 国家测绘地理信息局卫星测绘应用中心, 北京 100048;
5. 地球空间信息技术协同创新中心, 武汉 430079 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划（2013CB73302），国家自然科学基金（41574019），DAAD The matic Net work Project（57173947）和高分遥感测绘应用示范系统（一期）项目联合资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 本文设计了一种高-低卫星跟踪卫星、低-低卫星跟踪卫星和卫星重力梯度测量相结合的新型重力测量卫星系统，其可在一定程度上发挥卫星重力梯度和低低卫星跟踪卫星两种测量模式各自的优势.基于重力卫星系统指标设计的半解析法，深入分析了不同重力测量卫星系统配置和不同观测量及其不同白噪声水平情况下，新型卫星重力测量模式反演重力场模型的能力.数值模拟分析结果表明：在观测值精度和星间距离相同的条件下，轨道高度是影响重力场反演精度的关键因素；随着星间距离的增大，高频重力场信号反演精度会先提高后降低，轨道高度在200~350 km之间时，星间距离在150~180 km之间时反演精度最优；星间距离变率和卫星重力梯度两类观测值仅在某些精度配置时可达到优势互补，如果某一类观测值精度很高，则另一类观测值在联合解算时贡献非常小或者没有贡献.在300 km轨道高度，若以GRACE和GOCE任务的设计指标1 μm·s-1/√Hz和5 mE/√Hz来配置新型重力测量卫星系统中星间距离变率和引力梯度观测值的精度，联合两类观测值解算200阶次模型大地水准面的精度比独立解算分别提高1.2倍和2.8倍.如果以实现100 km空间分辨率1~2 cm精度大地水准面为科学目标，考虑卫星在轨寿命，建议轨道高度选择300 km，星间距离变率和卫星重力梯度的精度分别为0.1 μm·s-1/√Hz和1 mE/√Hz.本文的研究成果可为中国研制自主的重力测量卫星系统提供参考依据.
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| 关 键 词： | 半解析法 卫星重力梯度 卫星跟踪卫星 大地水准面 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-05-03 |
Ability of recovering the global gravity field of a new satellite gravimetry system |
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| XU XinYu,JIANG WeiPing,ZHANG XiaoMin,ZHOU XiaoQing,DING YanWei,ZHU GuangBin.Ability of recovering the global gravity field of a new satellite gravimetry system[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2018,61(6):2227-2236. |
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| Authors: | XU XinYu JIANG WeiPing ZHANG XiaoMin ZHOU XiaoQing DING YanWei ZHU GuangBin |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;
2. Research Center of Global Navigation Satellite System, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;
3. DFH Satellite Co. LTD, Beijing 100094, China;
4. Satellite Surveying and Mapping Application Center, National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation, Beijing 100048, China;
5. Collaborative Innovation Center of Geospatial Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China |
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| Abstract: | A new satellite gravimetry mode combining SST-hl, SST-ll and SGG is proposed in this paper. This mode can benefit from advantages of the SST-ll and SGG modes to a certain extent. The ability to recover the gravity field model using the new satellite gravimetry mode is analyzed in detail based on the semi-analytical approach used for the indicator design of the satellite gravimetry system. The different parameter settings of the gravity measurement satellite systems, different observations and corresponding different white noise levels are considered in the test.The results of numerical simulation show that the orbital height is the key factor that affects the ability of recovering the gravity field in the same condition with the same observation accuracy and inter-satellite range. With the increase of inter-satellite range, the accuracy of inversed high-frequency gravity field signal will be improved first and then decreased. And the optimal inter-satellite range is between 150 km and 180 km when the orbital height changes from 200 km to 350 km. The inter-satellite range rate and the satellite gravity gradients are complementary to each other only in certain precision configurations. If the accuracy of one type of observations was very high, another type of observations would contribute not too much or don't contribute to the combined solution.When the inter-satellite range rate observations have high accuracy, almost all frequency bands of the gravitational field model are contributed by the inter-satellite range rate of observations. At the orbit height of 300 km, when the accuracies of the inter-satellite range rate and gravitational gradient observations in the new gravimetric satellite system are 1 μm·s-1/√Hz and 5 mE/√Hz, respectively which correspond to the design indicators of GRACE and GOCE missions, and the accuracy of the recovered gravity field model up to the degree and order 200 is 1.2 times and 2.8 times higher than the ones derived independently. In order to realize the scientific objective of 1~2 cm accuracy geoid with the 100 km spatial resolution, the proposed orbital height is 300 km in terms of the satellite operating life. And the corresponding accuracies of the inter-satellite range rate and the satellite gravity gradient are 0.1 μm·s-1/√Hz and 1 mE/√Hz, respectively. The research results of this paper could be a technique reference for developing the autonomous gravity measurement satellite system of China. |
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| Keywords: | Semi-analytical approach Satellite gravity gradiometry Satellite to Satellite Tracking (SST) Geoid |
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