| 20世纪末期中国石油资源空间流动格局与流场特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵媛,郝丽莎.20世纪末期中国石油资源空间流动格局与流场特征[J].地理研究,2006,25(5):753-764. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵媛 郝丽莎 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京,210097 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家“211”二期工程重大项目“不同时空尺度环境演变和生态建设”,江苏省高校自然科学研究计划项目(05KJB170057) |
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| 摘 要： | 本研究以“1999年分省能源平衡表”及石油资源贸易与转运资料为基础,首先将全国26个石油流动省份划分为基本自给型、半自给型、净支出型和净补给型四种石油资源流动平衡类型及输流中心、汇流中心和交流中心三大流动职能类型,分析得出中国石油资源流动在地理空间上表现为集中输流和分散汇流的特征,其中源地系统的空间形态为直角三角形,汇地系统为直角梯形,源—汇复合系统则为钝角三角形。其次依据资源位势梯度力将中国石油流动划分为北部、西北、华东和华南四大流场。北部流场的石油流动轨迹在东北区呈现树状网络结构、在华北区为单枝二叉树结构,西北流场的流动轨迹形态为“X”形结构,华东流场为多中心“Ⅲ”字形结构,华南流场则为“Y”形结构。
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| 关 键 词： | 石油资源流动 空间格局 流场特征 流动轨迹形态 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-0585（2006）05-0753-12 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-11-02 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-03-16 |
The spatial structure of crude oil flow and the characteristic of its flow field in China |
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| ZHAO Yuan,HAO Li-sha.The spatial structure of crude oil flow and the characteristic of its flow field in China[J].Geographical Research,2006,25(5):753-764. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Yuan HAO Li-sha |
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| Institution: | College of Geographic Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China |
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| Abstract: | With ′99 list of crude oil balancing in provinces and current trade and transport information of crude oil,this paper analyses the spatial structure of crude oil flow,the characteristic of its flow field and the form of its flow track in China. (1) Based upon a set of balance equations of crude oil,this paper analyses the characteristics of oil production,consumption and flow in 26 provinces in which the oil flow exists.And then with the concept of self-sufficiency,these 26 provinces are divided into 4 oil balancing types: basic self-sufficiency,half self-sufficiency,net payout and net supply. (2) After calculating the liquidity ratios,the 26 provinces are divided into tree flow function types: output center,input center and exchanging center.Based upon this,this paper concludes that crude oil demand exceeds supply on the whole. (3) The spatial structure of source-region system of crude oil flow appears like a right-angle triangle which is composed of Heilongjiang,Shandong and Xinjiang.The spatial structure of collection-region system of crude oil flow appears like an isosceles-trapezium which is composed of five centers of Jilin-Liaoning,Beijing-Hebei,Gansu,Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai delta and four provinces along the middle Yangtse River. (4) According to the potential value pattern of crude oil,this paper divides the oil-flowed space into four oil flow fields of the North,the Northwest,the East and the South.Among them,the North and the Northwest flow fields are national ones,and the East and the South are regional ones. (5) The huge flow of crude oil and large flow area,from five cluster regions of the Northeast,the North,the East,the Northwest and the South.In Northeast China,the density of the oil flow circuitry is quite high,and its track appears like a dendriform network with Tieling city as its major node.In North China,the track of oil flow appears like a monaxial-bintree with Beijing as its major node.In East China,the track of oil flow appears like a "Ⅲ-shaped" pattern with cities of Linyi,Puyang and Nanjing as its hinges.In South China,the track of oil flow appears like a "Y-shaped" pattern with Guangzhou and Zhanjiang cities as its dual centers. (6) The types of oil flow routes in China are diversiform,including petroleum pipelines,railways,internal navigation route,ocean shipping route and highways.The different types of flow routes are either parallelly connected or serally connected each other,bringing into full play the multi-flow-route benefits. |
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| Keywords: | crude oil flow spatial structure characteristic of the flow field flow track form |
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