| 热带水库消落区植物群落物种组成与结构特征——以海南松涛水库为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 丁扬,姜百惠,丁鑫,杨帆,孙涛.热带水库消落区植物群落物种组成与结构特征——以海南松涛水库为例[J].湖泊科学,2018,30(6):1745-1754. |
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| 作者姓名： | 丁扬 姜百惠 丁鑫 杨帆 孙涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 海南大学热带农林学院, 海口 570228,海南大学热带农林学院, 海口 570228,中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园综合保护中心系统发育与保护生物学实验室, 昆明 650223,海南大学热带农林学院, 海口 570228,海南大学热带农林学院, 海口 570228 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（31660165）、海南大学科研启动项目（kyqd1573）和海南省自然科学基金项目（317052，120164161）联合资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 消落区是河流、湖泊和水库因阶段性或长期性的水位涨落而反复淹没或出露而形成的一种特殊的季节性湿地.消落区植被在维持水陆生态系统的动态平衡、生物多样性、生态安全及生态服务功能等方面发挥着重要作用.通过样方法调查分析了海南松涛水库消落区植物组成、区系特点以及群落分布特征.结果显示：松涛水库消落区共有维管植物40科101属115种，其中被子植物36科97属111种，蕨类植物4科4属4种.植物区系以热带性为主，外来入侵种较多，且既耐水淹又耐干旱植物众多；群落以草本、灌木植物为主，乔木较少且大多以幼苗形式存在.主要群落类型为以铺地黍（Panicum repens）为优势种的复合群落，个别区域零散分布有美洲蟛蜞菊（Wedelia trilobata）、光荚含羞草（Mimosa sepiaria）、猪屎豆（Crotalaria pallida）、马松子（Melochia corchorifolia）、假臭草（Praxelis clematidea）和铺地黍等单优群落.消落区不同海拔区间群落分布存在明显差异，物种多样性从高到低呈显著递减趋势.研究结果可为松涛水库消落区植被恢复工作提供科学指导.
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| 关 键 词： | 生物多样性 物种组成 消落区 植物群落 植物区系 松涛水库 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/12/31 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/3/18 0:00:00 |
Species composition, structure characteristics of plant communities in the water-level-fluctuation zone of tropical reservoirs: A case study on the Songtao Reservoir, Hainan |
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| DING Yang,JIANG Baihui,DING Xin,YANG Fan and SUN Tao.Species composition, structure characteristics of plant communities in the water-level-fluctuation zone of tropical reservoirs: A case study on the Songtao Reservoir, Hainan[J].Journal of Lake Science,2018,30(6):1745-1754. |
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| Authors: | DING Yang JIANG Baihui DING Xin YANG Fan and SUN Tao |
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| Institution: | Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Department Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China,Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Department Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China,Laboratory of Plant Phylogenetics and Conservation, Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, P. R. China,Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Department Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China and Tropical Agriculture and Forestry Department Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China |
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| Abstract: | Water-level-fluctuating Zone (WLFZ), is formed due to periodical or long-term water level fluctuation of rivers, lakes and reservoir, belonging to a seasonal wetland. The vegetation in the WLFZ plays a crucial role in keeping dynamic balances of terrestrial-aquatic ecosystems, biodiversity, ecological security as well as ecological services. The investigation of plant compositions, flora characteristics and community distribution characteristics resulted from vegetation were performed in present research. Results showed that a total of 115 vascular plant species belonging to 40 families and 101 genera were found in the WLFZ of the Songtao Reservoir, Hainan. In addition, 4 fern species belonging to 4 families and 4 genera were found among them. The typical tropical characters of these plant species were found via flora analyses. A large percentage of the exotic invasive species and amphibious plants with flooding tolerances and drought tolerances were found. There were many herbs and shrubs in plant communities, whereas a few arbor species with annual seedlings existed. Many Panicum repens dominant compound communities were distributed in the WLFZ. In addition, a few dominant communities, such as Wedelia trilobata, Mimosa sepiaria, Crotalaria pallida, Melochia corchorifolia, Praxelis clematidea, and Panicum repens, were found in some plots. Significant differences in community distributions among altitudes occurred. Along with elevation reduction,the species diversity decreased significantly. The results of this study may provide scientific guidance for the revegetation activities in the WLFZ of the Songtao Reservoir. |
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| Keywords: | Biodiversity species composition water-level-fluctuating zone plant community flora Songtao Reservoir |
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