| 基于遥感技术的宁东煤炭基地土地利用变化及驱动力分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张永庭,魏采用,徐友宁,严瑾,黄涛,杨雪茹,李樵民.基于遥感技术的宁东煤炭基地土地利用变化及驱动力分析[J].地质通报,2018,37(12):2169-2175. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张永庭 魏采用 徐友宁 严瑾 黄涛 杨雪茹 李樵民 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083;宁夏遥感测绘勘查院, 宁夏 银川 750021,宁夏遥感测绘勘查院, 宁夏 银川 750021,中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心, 陕西 西安 710054,宁夏遥感测绘勘查院, 宁夏 银川 750021,宁夏遥感测绘勘查院, 宁夏 银川 750021,宁夏遥感测绘勘查院, 宁夏 银川 750021,宁夏遥感测绘勘查院, 宁夏 银川 750021 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局项目《秦岭及宁东矿产资源集中开采区地质环境调查》（编号：DD20160336）和宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划（科技惠民）项目《基于国产高分影像与高光谱数据拟合分析——宁夏特色农作物为例》（编号：2016KJHM130） |
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| 摘 要： | 研究大型矿业基地土地利用动态变化过程可间接评估矿产开发对区域生态环境的影响。采用2005年、2010年和2015年3期SPOT-5和GF-2卫星影像数据,通过人工目视解译与计算机自动提取相结合的手段,提取宁东煤炭基地土地利用信息,并收集2000年土地利用遥感解译信息,构建土地利用程度综合指数、动态度等,定量研究宁东煤炭开发引起的土地利用变化,结合经济社会发展指标,构建驱动土地利用变化的定量评价体系,分析了宁东煤炭基地土地利用格局变化的驱动因素。结果表明,2000—2015年宁东煤炭基地一直处于土地持续开发利用阶段,主要表现为草地、林地及耕地向工矿用地为主的建设用地转变,但土地利用程度综合指数的增幅有所下降,表明基地建设逐渐进入稳定期,土地利用压力趋于下降;主成分分析表明,人类活动驱动着宁东土地利用格局的变化,主要有封山禁牧政策、产业化和规模化、人口增长、城镇化等因素。该研究结果可为宁东煤炭基地未来生态环境保护提供科学依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 土地利用类型 土地利用动态度 驱动力 卫星遥感数据 宁东煤炭基地 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/1/10 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/6/20 0:00:00 |
An analysis of land use changes and driving forces in Ningdong coal base of Ningxia with remote sensing technology |
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| ZHANG Yongting,WEI Caiyong,XU Youning,YAN Jin,HUANG Tao,YANG Xueru and LI Qiaomin.An analysis of land use changes and driving forces in Ningdong coal base of Ningxia with remote sensing technology[J].Geologcal Bulletin OF China,2018,37(12):2169-2175. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Yongting WEI Caiyong XU Youning YAN Jin HUANG Tao YANG Xueru and LI Qiaomin |
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| Institution: | School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;Ningxia Remote Sensing Surveying and Mapping Prospecting Institute, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China,Ningxia Remote Sensing Surveying and Mapping Prospecting Institute, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China,Xi''an Center of Geological Survey, CGS, Xi''an 710054, Shaanxi, China,Ningxia Remote Sensing Surveying and Mapping Prospecting Institute, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China,Ningxia Remote Sensing Surveying and Mapping Prospecting Institute, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China,Ningxia Remote Sensing Surveying and Mapping Prospecting Institute, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China and Ningxia Remote Sensing Surveying and Mapping Prospecting Institute, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China |
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| Abstract: | The study of dynamic change of land use in large mining bases can indirectly assess the influence of mineral exploitation on regional ecological environment. Based on satellite image data obtained in 2005, 2010 and 2015 with spatial resolution better than 2.5m, the authors extracted the land utilization information in Ningdong coal base, in combination with artificial visual interpretation and computer automatic extraction technology. On such a basis, the comprehensive index and dynamic attitude of land use were constructed, and the quantitative research was carried out on land use process caused by development; furthermore, a quantitative evaluation system was constructed for land use change with the indicators of economic and social development, and the land use change driving mechanism was analyzed. The results show that, in the stage of continuous land development and utilization from 2005 to 2015 in Ningdong coal base, the grasslands, woodlands and cultivated land were turned into construction land, such as industrial and mining land, but the increase in the comprehensive index of land use was declined, suggesting that the development of Ningdong coal base entered a stable stage, and land use pressure of human activities were gradually declined. Principal component analysis shows that the main driving factors of land use pattern change of Ningdong coal base are human activities including the government controlled grazing policy, industrialization and large scale of energy chemical industry, population growth, urbanization and some other factors. The results can provide a scientific basis for future ecological environment protection of Ningdong coal base. |
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| Keywords: | land use pattern land use degree driving force satellite image data Ningdong coal base |
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