A new typology of benefits derived from marine protected areas |
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| Authors: | Jorge A Angulo-Valdés Bruce G Hatcher |
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| Institution: | 1. Centro de Investigaciones Marinas. Universidad de la Habana, Calle 16 No. 114 e/ 1ra y 3ra, Miramar, Playa, Ciudad Habana CP 11300, Cuba;2. Bras d’Or Institute for Ecosystem Research. Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, P.O. Box 5300, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada B1P 6L2 |
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| Abstract: | Global decline of marine resources has triggered a worldwide demand for changing the way ocean resources are managed. Ecosystem-based management approaches have emerged using marine protected areas (MPA) as the main tool. Several classifications of marine protected areas benefits have been made, but all have focused only on the benefits to humans, neglecting many important benefits accrued to nature. This paper presents a new comprehensive classification of MPA benefits that will provide scientists and managers with an inclusive framework to accurately identify and account for all possible benefits derived from MPAs. The paper also analyses the methods available for valuing these benefits. A total of 99 benefits were identified within nine main categories: fishery, non-fishery, management, education/research, cultural, process, ecosystem, population and species benefits. These categories are arranged in two main divisions (direct and indirect benefits), which, at the same time, fall within the realms of benefits to humans and to nature. |
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| Keywords: | Marine protected areas Ecosystem-based management Economic valuation |
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