Thermal springs,fumaroles and gas vents of continental Yemen: Their relation with active tectonics,regional hydrology and the country’s geothermal potential |
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| Authors: | Angelo Minissale Mohamed A Mattash Orlando Vaselli Franco Tassi Ismail N Al-Ganad Enrico Selmo Nasr M Shawki Dario Tedesco Robert Poreda Abdassalam M Ad-Dukhain Mohammad K Hazzae |
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| Institution: | 1. CNR – Italian Council for Research, Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources of Florence, Via La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy;2. Ministry of Oil and Mineral Resources, Geological Survey and Minerals Resources Board, P.O. Box 297, Sana’a, Yemen;3. Department of Earth Sciences, Via La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy;4. Department of Earth Sciences, Parco Area delle Scienze 157A, 43100 Parma, Italy;5. Department of Geology, University of Ta’iz, P.O. Box 5679, Ta’iz, Yemen;6. Department of Environmental Sciences, Second University of Naples, Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy;g Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 227 Hutchinson Hall, Rochester, NY 14627, USA |
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| Abstract: | Most thermal springs of continental Yemen (about 65 emergences at 48 sampling sites) and a couple of fumaroles and boiling water pools have been sampled and analyzed for chemical and isotopic composition in the liquid phase and the associated free-gas phase. Whatever the emergence, all the water discharges have an isotopic signature of meteoric origin. Springs seeping out from high altitudes in the central volcanic plateau show a prevalent Na–HCO3-composition, clearly affected by an anomalous flux of deep CO2 deriving from active hydrothermal systems located in the Jurassic Amran Group limestone sequence and/or the Cretaceous Tawilah Group, likely underlying the 2000–3000 m thick volcanic suite. At lower elevations, CO2 also affects the composition of some springs emerging at the borders of the central volcanic plateau. |
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