Groundwater overexploitation and soil subsidence monitoring on Recife plain (Brazil) |
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| Authors: | Rejane Maria Rodrigues de Luna Silvio Jacks dos Anjos Garnés Jaime Joaquim da Silva Pereira Cabral Sylvana Melo dos Santos |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Planning and Urban Design,Bío-Bío University,Concepción,Chile;2.Laboratory of Landscape and Urban Resilience, Institute of Environmental Sciences and Evolution,Austral University of Chile,Región de Los Ríos,Chile;3.Faculty of Architecture, Art and Design,Diego Portales University,Santiago,Chile |
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| Abstract: | Facing natural disasters is a priority challenge for cities, exacerbated by increases in urban population and climate change. Improving the resilience of cities is a critical need for the international community and especially for territories exposed to multiple risks, such as Chile. Although disasters are always tragic, the recovery and reconstruction post-disaster may provide a unique opportunity to prevent future suffering, enhancing the resilience of local communities. This paper presents the analysis of two Chilean reconstruction programmes applied in Mehuin and Dichato, after the earthquake and tsunami of 22 May 1960 and 27 February 2010, respectively. In both cases, reconstruction programmes were supported by the Chilean Government, but using different approaches: one focused on providing housing for people injured in the earthquake, while the other also included urban amenities and services. This article proposes an urban morphology analysis framework; in addition, it presents the assessment of the two case studies before and after a disaster, thus evaluating their resilience. By comparing urban morphology resilience pre- and post-disaster, a discussion about the effectiveness of two reconstruction approaches is presented. Finally, conclusions and recommendations to better integrate resilience into urban planning are proposed, with the aim of opening the discussion about how to make cities more resilient to natural disasters. |
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