| 论喀斯特地貌的成因与演化 |
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| 引用本文： | 俞遵典.论喀斯特地貌的成因与演化[J].云南地质,2003,22(1):1-15. |
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| 作者姓名： | 俞遵典 |
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| 作者单位： | 云南省工程咨询中心,昆明,650216 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文对喀斯特地貌的成因与演化进行较全面而简明的综合分析 ,对喀斯特的经济意义、战略意义、美学价值及其历史沿革作简明介绍。全文共七部分。开篇介绍“喀斯特”一词何时、何地、何因而成为地质学和地理学中专有名词。虽起源于上世纪初欧洲著名地质学家H .Stelle的研究 ,观测对象不过是亚德里亚海东北Dalmatian沿岸KarstVillage ,“喀斯特”在地质学中作为岩溶地貌的代名词 ,也不过百年的历史 ;但中国人对它的研究描述 ,已源远流长 :早在宋代和明代 ,大学问家王守仁 (即王阳明 )和大博物学家宋云星 ,就对石灰岩岩溶地貌做过比较确切的描述 (王守仁《平蛮奏折》 ,宋云星《天工开物》)。特别是宋云星 ,还对岩溶及石灰华的再沉积机理 ,做过开创性的研究和记述(《天工开物》)。本文重点在第二节和第三节。前者从多方面对原生喀斯特地貌景观的成因机制作了研究和比较详细的分析 ,主要是 :岩石地层因素 ,地质构造环境 ,水化学及水动力条件 ,生物化学制导等四方面 ,四者缺一不可形成喀斯特。后者则从低温低压条件下地球化学平衡的角度 ,阐述次生喀斯特的成因和演化机制。喀斯特景观之所以具有美学价值和文化内涵 ,乃在于其表面淀积着厚薄不等的沉积物 ,在微生物作用下所凝析的方解石和雯石微晶 ,常见者有 :石
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| 关 键 词： | 喀斯特地貌 成因 演化 |
The Origin and Evolution of the Karst Landscape |
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| YU Zun,dian.The Origin and Evolution of the Karst Landscape[J].Yunnan Geology,2003,22(1):1-15. |
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| Authors: | YU Zun dian |
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| Abstract: | To the recent years the Karst landscape, especially its wonderful scenery, had became the valuable resources in tourism. But many people did not known how it became the wonder as it is and want to make a deep know how. In respect of this, the Author attempts to make an answer rest on the basis of geology and geochemistry principles. The core of this paper are of two course, five key factors and a series of geo chemical equilibrium. There are of that the first epoch of corrosion and second epoch of sedimentation of crystallite; local tectonic control, strata condition, water chemical environment, water dynamic energy and bio chemicalfunctions; the geochemical equilibrium at low temperature and pressure. Besides, the military and economic significance of the Karst landscape as well as its wonderful scenery in SW China (indeed, many of them can be called superb excelling nature) are also specially related. Though, much of them can easily be found, but the more underground wonders, which have no mouth to the surface, are difficult to discover. To this we also have some guideline for application in exploration. |
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| Keywords: | Karst Landscape Genesis Mechanism Secondary Changes Forms and Types Militany & Economy Significance |
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