Detailed investigation of organic matter components in extracts and drainage waters from a soil under long term cultivation |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;2. Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld 4343, Australia;1. Faculty of Soil Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation;2. Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Pyzhevsky lane 7/2, 109017, Moscow, Russian Federation;3. Institute of Earth Sciences, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7-9, 199034, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation;4. Institute of Geography and Geology, University of Wurzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Wurzburg, Germany;5. Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetniy Pereulok 29, 119017, Moscow, Russian Federation;1. Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Dr., 110 Russell Labs, Madison, WI 53706, USA;2. Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, 126 Natural Resource Bldg, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;1. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Campo Experimental Villarino, S2125ZAA Zavalla, Santa Fe, Argentina;2. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquimicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina;3. Consejo de Investigaciones Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Maipú 1165, 2000 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina;4. Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI), Suipacha 570, 2000 Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina;1. Department of Applied and Environmental Geology, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ambiente e Desenvolvimento da UNIVATES (PPGAD/UNIVATES), Centro Universitário Univates, Rua Avelino Tallini, 171 – CEP 95.900-000, Lajeado, RS, Brazil;3. Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;4. Senckenberg Center for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Tübingen, Sigwartstraße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Aqueous solutions of increasing pH (7.0, 10.6 and 12.6) were used to extract exhaustively the organic matter (OM) from a pelo-stagnogley (heavy clay) soil in long term cultivation. OM yield was 1.7 times greater when the extracts were processed using an XAD-8 and XAD-4 resin-in-tandem procedure than that from the procedure of the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS). The substantial difference can be attributed to the amount retained by the XAD-4 resin, which is lost in the IHSS process. Elemental, δ13C, δ15N, cation exchange capacity, neutral sugars, amino acids and solid state CPMAS 13C NMR analyses indicated significant, but rational similarities and differences between the various fractions isolated. There was strong NMR evidence for material derived from lignin in all the humic and fulvic acid isolates. The signals were attenuated in the more transformed/oxidized fractions isolated at lower pH. Novel humic acid fractions enriched in carbohydrate/peptide functionalities were isolated from the more hydrophobic extracts at pH 10.6 and 12.6. Isolates from XAD-4, of microbial origin, were enriched in neutral sugars but not in amino acids, and had minimal aromaticity. Components isolated from the cultivated soil were broadly similar to those from a comparable soil in long term grassland. The compositions of fractions isolated from the drainage water were similar to those extracted from the soil but had higher carboxyl content. The amount and composition of the various organic fractions in grassland and the continuously cropped soil are discussed in terms of their potential to contribute to carbon sequestration by soil under similar management regimes. |
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