Geochemistry,origin and correlation of crude oils in Lower Cretaceous sedimentary sequences of the southern Mesopotamian Basin,southern Iraq |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Petroleum and Coal (GGPC), Energy and Mineral Resources Group (EMR), RWTH Aachen University, Lochnerstrasse 4-20, D-52056 Aachen, Germany;2. Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 4-6, 50939 Köln, Germany;1. AmirKabir University of Technology, Faculty of Petroleum Engineering, Tehran, Iran;2. National Iranian Oil Company, IOR/EOR Institute for Oil and Gas Reservoirs, Tehran, Iran;3. National Iranian Oil Company, Exploration Directorate, Tehran, Iran;1. Department of Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran;2. School of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Geology and Petroleum Geology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, United Kingdom;4. Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Thirty one crude oil samples from Lower Cretaceous reservoirs in southern Iraq were analyzed using bulk property and molecular methods to determine their maturity and biomarker characteristics, as well as to obtain information on their respective source rocks. All the oils are unaltered, non-biodegraded, have high sulfur content and API gravity is in the range for light to heavy oil (19–40° API). They are characterized by low Pr/Ph values, even/odd predominance and front-end biased n-alkane distributions. Based on these parameters the oils were generated and expelled from a marine carbonate source rock bearing Type II-S kerogen. Compositional similarities of hopane and sterane biomarkers with those from potential source rocks allowed identification of the Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Sulaiy and Yamama carbonate succession as the effective source beds. A similar composition of normal and isoprenoid hydrocarbons among the oils suggests an origin from a common source rock. However, biomarker maturity ratios indicate a wide range of maturity. This appears to result from the type of burial history of the source rock, characterized by a slow passage through the liquid window interval during an extended period of geologic time. |
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