| 中国日降雨空间变化对雨水径流源头总量控制的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张质明,胡蓓蓓,李俊奇,王文亮,王思思.中国日降雨空间变化对雨水径流源头总量控制的影响[J].水科学进展,2018,29(4):465-472. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张质明 胡蓓蓓 李俊奇 王文亮 王思思 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京建筑大学北京应对气候变化研究和人才培养基地, 北京 100044; |
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| 基金项目： | 北京市自然科学基金资助项目（8154044）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（51708015） |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究中国不同区域的降雨特征对径流总量控制效果的影响，利用186个气象站近30年的日降雨量资料，通过空间分析与统计计算，得到不同年径流总量控制率所对应的设计降雨量以及年均控制降雨量；结合年径流总量控制率与年均控制降雨量的关系将中国区域分为9种类型。结果表明:中国设计降雨量地域变化明显，广东、四川、广西、河北和河南等省的标准差为全国平均水平的1.5~3倍，且随年径流总量控制率的提升而增加，源头径流控制效果差异明显；南部地区径流控制效果多为"高量低率"；"低量低率"区位于甘肃、宁夏等地，面积占比为9.44%，其降雨特征不适合发挥源头控制设施的效果；而最适宜发挥源头控制作用的"高量高率"区位于西南部分地区，面积占比为3.80%。
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| 关 键 词： | 年径流总量控制率 设计降雨量 年均控制降雨量 源头控制 海绵城市 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-12-26 |
Influence of spatial variation in daily rainfall on volume capture of rainfall by source control facilities in China |
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| ZHANG Zhiming,HU Beibei,LI Junqi,WANG Wenliang,WANG Sisi.Influence of spatial variation in daily rainfall on volume capture of rainfall by source control facilities in China[J].Advances in Water Science,2018,29(4):465-472. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Zhiming HU Beibei LI Junqi WANG Wenliang WANG Sisi |
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| Institution: | 1.Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing Climate Change Response Research and Education Center, Beijing 100044, China;2.Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100044, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to study the influences of rainfall characteristics on the effectiveness of total runoff capture in different regions of China, the study draws on the daily precipitation data of 186 meteorological stations over nearly three decades for spatial analysis and statistical calculation, obtaining the volume capture ratio of annual rainfall. The corresponding design rainfall depth and annual controlled rainfall on average are determined. Then, the relationship between annual ratio of total runoff capture in each city and annual average of controlled rainfall is used to divide China into nine types. The results show that the design rainfall depth in China has considerable geographical variation, with the standard deviation of Guangdong, Sichuan, Guangxi, Hebei, and Henan approximating 1.5 to 3 times the national average, and that it increases with the increase in volume capture ratio of annual rainfall. Meanwhile, the marked spatial variation of rainfall within the province has led to significant differences in effectiveness of runoff capture at the source. In southern China, runoff control mostly features "high volume and low ratio."In contrast, areas of "low volume and low ratio" are found in Gansu, Ningxia and other places; covering 9.44% of the area, they have precipitation characteristics unfavorable for source control facilities. The "high-volume and high-rate" areas most suitable for source control are located in Southwestern China, accounting for 3.80% of the area. |
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| Keywords: | volume capture ratio of annual rainfall design rainfall depth annual average of controlled rainfall source control sponge city |
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