The relationship between gravity and bathymetry in the Pacific Ocean |
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| Authors: | A B Watts D P McKenzie B E Parsons M Roufosse |
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| Institution: | Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory and Department of Geological Sciences of Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964, USA;Bullard Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Madingley Rise, Madingley Road, Cambridge;Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA |
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| Abstract: | Summary. Surface-ship and satellite derived data have been compiled in new free-air gravity anomaly, bathymetry and geoid anomaly maps of the Pacific Ocean basin and its margin. The maps are based on smoothed values of the gravity anomaly, bathymetry and geoid interpolated on to a 90 × 90 km grid. Each smoothed value was obtained by Gaussian filtering measurements along individual ship and subsatellite tracks. The resulting maps resolve features in the gravity, bathymetry and geoid with wavelengths that range from a few hundred to a few thousand kilometres. The smoothed values of bathymetry and geoid anomaly have been corrected for age. The resulting maps show the Pacific ocean basin is associated with a number of ENE–WSW-trending geoid anomaly highs with amplitudes of about ± 5 m and wavelengths of about 3000 km. The most prominent of these highs correlate with the Magellan seamounts–Marshall Gilbert Islands–Magellan rise and the Hess rise–Hawaiian ridge regions. The correlation between geoid anomaly and bathymetry cannot be explained by models of static compensation, but is consistent with a model in which the geoid anomaly and bathymetry are supported by some form of dynamic compensation. We suggest that the dynamic compensation, which characterizes oceanic lithosphere older than 80 Myr, is the result of mantle convection on scales that are smaller than the lithospheric plates themselves. |
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| Keywords: | gravity bathymetry isostasy convection geoid |
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