| Environmental and ecological water requirement of river system: a case study of Haihe-Luanhe river system |
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| 作者姓名： | LI Li-juan ZHENG Hong-xing |
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| 作者单位： | Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research，CAS，Beijing 100101，China |
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| 基金项目： | Key Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences, KZ951-A1-203，Knowledge Innovation Project of Institute of Geographic Sciences and N |
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| 摘 要： | 1 IntroductionRiver system, to some extent, can be regarded as an independent eco-system, which includes river channels, lakes and the lands near the water bodies. In the engineering view, river system can be defined as the flooded area with a flood frequency of 1%1,2]. The major aspects of the river system may be its water quantity, water quality and aquatic species. The three aspects of the system have a close relation with each other. The river system has a lot of functions, of which in g…
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| 收稿时间： | 6 June 2003 |
Environmental and ecological water requirement of river system: a case study of Haihe-Luanhe river system |
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| LI Li-juan,ZHENG Hong-xing.Environmental and ecological water requirement of river system: a case study of Haihe-Luanhe river system[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2001,11(2):224-230. |
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| Authors: | Li Li-juan Zheng Hong-xing |
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| Institution: | Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, |
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| Abstract: | In order to reduce the environmental and ecological problems induced by water resources development and utilization, this paper proposes a concept of environmental and ecological water requirement. It is defined as the minimum water amount to be consumed by the natural water bodies to conserve its environmental and ecological functions. Based on the definition, the methods on calculating the amount of environmental and ecological water requirement are determined. In the case study on Haihe-Luanhe river system, the water requirement is divided into three parts, i.e., the basic in-stream flow, water requirement for sediment transfer and water consumption by evaporation of the lakes or everglades. The results of the calculation show that the environmental and ecological water requirement in the river system is about 124(108 m3, including 57(108 m3 for basic in-stream flow, 63(108 m3 for sediment transfer and 4(108 m3 for net evaporation loss of lakes. The total amount of environmental and ecological water requirement accounts for 54% of the amount of runoff (228(108 m3). However, it should be realized that the amount of environmental and ecological water requirement must be more than that we have calculated. According to this result, we consider that the rational utilization rate of the runoff in the river systems must not be more than 40%. Since the current utilization rate of the river system, which is over 80%, has been far beyond the limitation, the problems of environment and ecology are quite serious. It is imperative to control and adjust water development and utilization to eliminate the existing problems and to avoid the potential ecological or environmental crisis. |
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| Keywords: | environmental and ecological water requirement river systems Haihe-Luanhe basins |
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