| 祖厉河流域水沙演变规律及其成因分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 黄晨璐.祖厉河流域水沙演变规律及其成因分析[J].水文,2021,41(2):101-108. |
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| 作者姓名： | 黄晨璐 |
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| 作者单位： | 西北大学城市与环境学院 |
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| 摘 要： | 应用祖厉河流域1956~2016年实测水文资料,采用水文统计法、差积曲线法、突变检验法等方法,分析了流域水沙时空分布规律及水沙关系。结果表明:祖厉河流域年降水量、年径流深从上游向下游减小;支流关川河巉口以上年输沙模数相对较小,中游会宁-郭城驿最大。4个代表站历年降水量、径流量、输沙量均呈显著减少趋势,降水量年内分配主要集中在5~9月,径流量和输沙量主要集中在6~9月;水沙变化的突变年份为1999年,基准期1956~1999到措施期2000~2016年多年平均年径流量和输沙量分别减少了39.6%、72.9%。流域降水量年均减少0.53~1.23mm,气温年均升高0.029~0.042℃/a,植被覆盖度年均增加0.85%/a,降水减少、水土保持措施面积增加和植被覆盖度大幅提高是流域水沙持续减少的主要原因。
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| 关 键 词： | 径流量 输沙量 水量还原 水沙关系 祖厉河 |
Analysis of Water and Sediment Evolution Law and Its Causes in Zuli River Basin |
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| HUANG Chenlu.Analysis of Water and Sediment Evolution Law and Its Causes in Zuli River Basin[J].Hydrology,2021,41(2):101-108. |
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| Authors: | HUANG Chenlu |
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| Institution: | (College of Urban and Environment Sciences,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China) |
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| Abstract: | This paper analyzed the time-space distribution of runoff and sediment in the Zuli River basin and the runoff-sediment relationship by applying the methods like hydrologic statistics,mutation test and nonlinear correlation model based on the observed hydrological data in the basin during 1956-2016.The results show that the precipitation,runoff and the sediment modulus decrease from the upstream to downstream;The precipitation,runoff and sediment load of the four representative stations have all shown the decreasing trends over the years,and the distribution of precipitation mainly concentrate on May-September while the runoff and sediment load mainly concentrate on June-September.Besides,the abrupt year of runoff and sediment load was 1999.In the baseline year(1956-1999),the runoff and sediment load were 1.372×108m3、0.523×108t separately,then decreased to 0.829×108m3、0.142×108t.The runoff and sediment reduction effects of the underlying surface changes were 33.2%and 52.0%respectively,and the runoff reduction and sediment reduction effects of precipitation reduction(11.4%)were 66.8%and 48.0%respectively.The decrease of precipitation,the increase of soil and water conservation measures and the great increase of vegetation cover are the main reasons for the continuous decrease of water and sediment load in the basin. |
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| Keywords: | runoff sediment load water reduction runoff-sediment relationship Zuli River basin |
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