The Relative Phase Asynchronization between Sunspot Numbers and Polar Faculae |
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| Authors: | L H Deng J Y Song Y Y Xiang Y K Tang |
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| Institution: | 1.National Astronomical Observatories/Yunnan Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming,People’s Republic of China;2.Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,People’s Republic of China;3.Department of Physics,Dezhou University,Dezhou,People’s Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | The monthly sunspot numbers compiled by Temmer et al. and the monthly polar faculae from observations of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, for the interval of March
1954 to March 1996, are used to investigate the phase relationship between polar faculae and sunspot activity for total solar
disk and for both hemispheres in solar cycles 19, 20, 21 and 22. We found that (1) the polar faculae begin earlier than sunspot
activity, and the phase difference exhibits a consistent behaviour for different hemispheres in each of the solar cycles,
implying that this phenomenon should not be regarded as a stochastic fluctuation; (2) the inverse correlation between polar
faculae and sunspot numbers is not only a long-term behaviour, but also exists in short time range; (3) the polar faculae
show leads of about 50–71 months relative to sunspot numbers, and the phase difference between them varies with solar cycle;
(4) the phase difference value in the northern hemisphere differs from that in the southern hemisphere in a solar cycle, which
means that phase difference also existed between the two hemispheres. Moreover, the phase difference between the two hemispheres
exhibits a periodical behaviour. Our results seem to support the finding of Hiremath (2010). |
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