Coastal management challenges from a community perspective: The problem of ‘stealth privatization’ in a Canadian fishery |
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| Authors: | Melanie G Wiber Murray A Rudd Evelyn Pinkerton Anthony T Charles Arthur Bull |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Anthropology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada E3B 5A3;2. Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York Y010 5DD, United Kingdom;3. School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6;4. Management Science/Environmental Studies, Saint Mary''s University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 3C3;5. Saltwater Network, Digby, NS, Canada B0V 1A0;1. Environment Department, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom;2. Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA;1. University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia;2. San Diego State University, San Diego, USA;3. University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia;4. Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia;5. School of Biology, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK;6. Romberg Tiburon Center for Environmental Studies, San Francisco State University, Tiburon, USA;7. University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada;8. Emory University, Atlanta, USA;9. Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand;10. Marine and Coastal Resources Research and Development Center, Rayong, Thailand;1. Institute for Resources, Environment, and Sustainability, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;2. Nippon Foundation NEREUS Program, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z4;3. Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability and Centro de Conservacion Marina, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile |
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| Abstract: | Intertidal clam fisheries seem ideal candidates for the devolution of management authority from government to local stakeholders. In St. Mary's Bay, Nova Scotia, a private firm recently applied for a 10-year renewal of a large (1,627 ha) lease for quahog clam aquaculture. This case study examines the challenges of implementing community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) in rural fisheries within a broad integrated coastal management (ICM) institutional environment that favours corporate stakeholders. The challenges facing clam harvesters in rural Digby Neck, Nova Scotia arise from poor communication and coordination within government and between government and communities, as well as higher-level policy conflicts. The most important challenge arises from ‘stealth privatization’ of clam beaches. A single firm was granted rights of first refusal to depurate all clams harvested from closed (polluted) beaches in the region, resulting in the de facto privatization of all (polluted and unpolluted) clam beaches. Experiences in other parts of Canada suggest there may be community-based governance approaches that avoid the pitfalls associated with corporate management of clam beaches. New thinking is required about how to moderate the ‘privatization paradigm’ so prevalent within senior levels of government in order to ensure environmental and social sustainability in rural fishing communities. |
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