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| 东部旅游特色山区乡村发展分化及其驱动力——以浙江省平阳县为例 | |
| 引用本文： | 钱家乘,张佰林,刘虹吾,高阳,王昭颖,连小云.东部旅游特色山区乡村发展分化及其驱动力——以浙江省平阳县为例[J].地理科学进展,2020,39(9):1460-1472. |
| 作者姓名： | 钱家乘 张佰林 刘虹吾 高阳 王昭颖 连小云 |
| 作者单位： | 1.天津工业大学经济与管理学院,天津 300387 2.中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院,北京 100193 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41801193);国家社会科学基金项目(19CGL037) |
| 摘 要： | 乡村旅游被认为是山区乡村振兴的有效模式,但即使在旅游山区,仍存在大量传统农村。论文以浙江省平阳县为例,运用参与式农村评估、GIS与遥感技术相结合,选取典型旅游村水口村和农业村法洪村,从农户生计变迁、乡村土地利用转型、宅基地功能演变3个方面分析旅游特色山区乡村发展及其分化。结果表明:① 生存型生计阶段(1949—1977年),法洪村和水口村高度依赖农业;组合型生计阶段(1978—2013年),两村由单一农业生计向农业和外出务工组合转变;发展型生计阶段(2014—2018年),法洪村以外出务工为主,水口村以旅游经营和外出经商并重。② 1978年前,两村地类变更主要是林地转为耕地;1978—2014年,主要是林地转为建设用地;2014年后,法洪村耕地转为林地、住宅用地,水口村林地、耕地转为旅游相关用地。③ 1978年前,两村宅基地均以农业生产功能为主;1978—2014年,两村宅基地的农业生产功能开始衰退;2014年后,法洪村以生活居住功能为主,水口村以旅游接待功能为主。④ 两村发展分化是自然环境、人文景观、能人带动、市场变化等综合影响的结果。研究认为,即使是在旅游特色山区,也只有自然和人文景观独特、有能人带动、顺应市场变化的乡村,才能较好地发展乡村旅游,大部分资源禀赋一般的乡村仍将以传统农业为主,因此,山区乡村振兴要顺势而为、择优助推。 |
| 关 键 词： | 山区 乡村发展 分化 驱动力 土地利用转型 平阳县 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-08-26 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-11-07 |
Development differentiation of rural areas with tourism characteristics in eastern mountainous areas and its driving forces: A case study of Pingyang County,Zhejiang Province |
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| QIAN Jiacheng,ZHANG Bailin,LIU Hongwu,GAO Yang,WANG Zhaoying,LIAN Xiaoyun.Development differentiation of rural areas with tourism characteristics in eastern mountainous areas and its driving forces: A case study of Pingyang County,Zhejiang Province[J].Progress in Geography,2020,39(9):1460-1472. | |
| Authors: | QIAN Jiacheng ZHANG Bailin LIU Hongwu GAO Yang WANG Zhaoying LIAN Xiaoyun |
| Institution: | 1. School of Economics and Management, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China 2. College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China |
| Abstract: | Rural tourism is considered an effective mode of rural revitalization in mountainous areas, but even in mountainous tourist areas, there still exist a large number of traditional rural areas. Taking Pingyang County of Zhejiang Province as an example, this study used participatory rural appraisal method and GIS and remote sensing technologies to compare a typical tourist village (Shuikou Village) and an agricultural village (Fahong Village). This study analyzed the rural development and its differentiation in mountainous areas with tourism characteristics from three aspects: the change of farmers' livelihood, the transformation of rural land use, and the functional change of homestead. The results show that: 1) During the survival livelihood stage (1949-1977), the two villages were highly dependent on agriculture for livelihoods; During the combined livelihood stage (1978-2013), the two villages changed from a single agriculture-oriented livelihood to a combination of agriculture and migrant worker livelihood; During the development-oriented livelihood stage (2014-2018), Fahong Village mainly depended on migrant workers, while Shuikou Village formed a livelihood structure that attached equal importance to tourism and business. 2) Before 1978, land use change in the two villages was mainly from forest land to cultivated land. Before 2014, land use change in the two villages was mainly conversion from forest land to construction land. After 2014, Fahong Village mainly converted cultivated land to forest land and residential land, while Shuikou Village mainly converted forest land and cultivated land to tourism-related land. 3) Before 1978, the functions of homesteads in the two villages were mainly agricultural production. Before 2014, the agricultural production function of homesteads in both villages had begun to decline. After 2014, homesteads in Fahong Village are dominated by living function while those in Shuikou Village are dominated by tourist reception function. 4) The development of the two villages into different land use and livelihood strategy types is the result of the comprehensive influence of natural environment, human landscape, elite leadership, market changes, among others. The study shows that even in the mountainous areas with tourism characteristics, only those villages with unique natural and human landscapes and capable people to lead and adapt to market changes can better develop rural tourism. Most of the villages with ordinary resource endowments are still dominated by traditional agricultural economy. Therefore, rural revitalization in mountainous areas should consider local environmental and resource conditions and select villages with favorable conditions to promote targeted development. |
| Keywords: | mountainous area rural development differentiation driving force land use transition Pingyang County |
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