Suspended sediment dynamics in the Amazon River of Peru |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA;2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi''an 710075, China;3. Laboratoire Géosciences Rennes, CNRS-UMR6118, Université Rennes 1, Observatoire des Sciences de l''Univers, Rennes 35042, France;4. State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China;5. Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Ministry of Education, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;1. Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Hallerstrasse 12, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;2. CaSEs – Culture and Socio-Ecological Dynamics Research Group, Pompeu Fabra University, Ramon Trias Fargas 25-27, Mercè Rodoreda Building, 08005 Barcelona, Spain;3. Centre d''Ecologie Fonctionelle et Evolutive, CNRS, Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France;4. Department of Geography and Environmental Science, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 227, Reading RG6 6AB, UK;5. ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain;6. School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa;7. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Oeschger, Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland;1. Division of Geography and Tourism, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium;2. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca, Campus Yanuncay, Cuenca, Ecuador;3. Earth and Life Institute, Georges Lemaître Centre for Earth and Climate Research, University of Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 3, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;4. Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, 1000 Brussels, Belgium;5. Red Hidrometeorológica, Subgerencia de Gestión Ambiental, Empresa Pública Municipal de Telecomunicaciones, Agua Potable, Alcantarillado y Saneamiento de Cuenca (ETAPA EP), Cuenca,Ecuador;6. Subgerencia de Operaciones, Agua Potable y Saneamiento, Empresa Pública Municipal de Telecomunicaciones, Agua Potable, Alcantarillado y Saneamiento de Cuenca (ETAPA EP), Cuenca,Ecuador;7. Cranfield Water Science Institute, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, MK43 0AL,United Kingdom;8. Programa para el Manejo de Agua y Suelo (PROMAS), Universidad de Cuenca, Av. 12 de Abril s/n, Cuenca, Ecuador |
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| Abstract: | The erosion and transport of sediments allow us to understand many activities of significance, such as crust evolution, climate change, uplift rates, continental processes, the biogeochemical cycling of pollutants and nutrients. The Amazon basin of Peru has contrasting physiographic and climatic characteristics between the Andean piedmont and the plains and between the north and south of the basin which is why there are 8 gauging stations located along the principal rivers of the Andean piedmont (Marañón, Huallaga, Ucayali) and the plain (Marañón, Tigre, Napo, Ucayali and Amazon rivers). Since 2003, the ORE-Hybam (IRD-SENAMHI-UNALM) observatory has performed out regular measurements at strategic points of the Amazon basin to understand and model the systems, behavior and long-term dynamics. On the Andean piedmont, the suspended yields are governed by a simple model with a relationship between the river discharge and the sediment concentration. In the plain, the dilution effect of the concentrations can create hysteresis in this relationship on a monthly basis. The Amazon basin of Peru has a sediment yield of 541 *106 t year−1, 70% comes from the southern basin. |
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