| 中国区域陆地水资源数值模拟分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 杜川利,刘晓东.中国区域陆地水资源数值模拟分析[J].气象,2009,35(8):49-60. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杜川利 刘晓东 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 陕西省气象科学研究所,西安,710015;中国科学院地球环境研究所
2. 中国科学院地球环境研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家杰出青年科学基金项目(40825008)、公益性行业(气象)科研专项(
GYHY200706029)及兰州区域中心RLab1资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用NCAR公用陆面模式CLM3(Community Land Model 3)模拟1979-2003年的土壤蒸发量和植被蒸腾量,分析了中国区域水资源(降水减去地面蒸发和植被蒸散)的气候特征及变化特征.全国水资源分布从东到西、从南到北依次递减,这与全国多年降水分布一致,其中长江以南地区是水资源丰富区,西北地区尤其是新疆地区是水资源匮乏区.从水资源线性变化趋势来看,长江以北大部分地区水资源呈减少趋势,特别是四川盆地和东北地区,变干趋势显著,水资源减少速率为10～15mm/10a;长江以南地区年水资源增加,增加中心在两广地区,水资源增加速率达20～30mm/10a.
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| 关 键 词： | 陆面模式 水资源 降水 蒸发 |
| 收稿时间： | 2008/6/23 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2009/4/21 0:00:00 |
Analyses on Land Water Resource in China Based on Simulation Results of CLM3 |
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| Du Chuanli and Liu Xiaodong.Analyses on Land Water Resource in China Based on Simulation Results of CLM3[J].Meteorological Monthly,2009,35(8):49-60. |
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| Authors: | Du Chuanli and Liu Xiaodong |
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| Abstract: | On the basis of the CLM3 (Community Land Model 3) simulated soil and c
anopy evaporation, the climatology and spatial temporal variations of the land
w
ater resource in China are investigated. The distribution of annual mean water r
esource is similar to that of annual mean precipitation in China, with a patt
ern of the largest in the south of Yangtze River and the smallest in Xinjiang, d
ecreasing gradually from southeast to northwest. The total evaporation shows a c
lose relationship with the precipitation, with the high evaporation region locat
ed in south of 35°N and the low evaporation area in north of 35°N, especially
in
the northwest, where mean annual evaporation may be below 50 mm. From the distr
ibution of evaporation index, we can see a different pattern, in which the high
regions are located in northern China and the low regions are in southern China.
Analyses of the linear trend show that the land water resource has decreased in
most regions of China including northern China north of 35°N except northern T
ibetan Plateau, western Xinjiang Autonomy Region and Hetao areas, while increased
in the Tibetan Plateau and southern China during the past twenty years. The dec
reased (increased) atmospheric precipitable water is generally consistent with t
he downward (upward) trend of the land water resource and the variation of the p
recipitable water is considered as an important cause of water resource change. |
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