The field and remote sensing analysis of the Kerguelen Archipelago structure,Indian Ocean |
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| Authors: | Lucie Mathieu Paul Byrne Damien Guillaume Benjamin van Wyk de Vries Bertrand Moine |
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| Institution: | 1. Cátedra de Morfología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n°, B1900FWA La Plata, Argentina;2. Cátedra de Palinología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s/n°, B1900FWA La Plata, Argentina;1. Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Querétaro, 76230, Mexico;2. División de Geociencias Aplicadas, IPICYT, San Luis Potosí 78216, Mexico;3. College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, 104 CEOAS Administration Building, 101 SW 26th St, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;4. ICTJA, CSIC, Group of Volcanology, SIMGEO UB-CSIC, Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume Almera, Lluis Sole i Sabaris s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;5. Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, INGV-Bologna, Via Donato Creti, 12, 40100 Bologna, Italy;6. Gerencia de Geología del Observatorio Ambiental, Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales MARN, San Salvador 76230, El Salvador;1. Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo, Piazza Roma 2, 95125 Catania, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Catania, Corso Italia 55, 95129 Catania, Italy |
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| Abstract: | The Kerguelen Archipelago is part of an oceanic plateau with a complex history. Little work has been done on the tectonics of the onshore areas, even though the extensive outcrop renders the islands especially good for structural work. We present the results of three field campaigns and remote sensing analysis carried out in the main Kerguelen Island, around Val Travers valley and Mt Ross volcano (Central Plateau) and in the Rallier du Baty peninsula (SW part of the archipelago). We have mapped faults, fracture sets, and the location and geometry of intrusive bodies. We found that the plateau basalt lavas that make up most of the area are densely fractured, crossed by many veins, dykes and some small faults. This work provides a general framework for the structure of Kerguelen Archipelago that is dominated by 110°-striking faults and veins, dyke swarms and an alignment of recent central volcanoes, which have formed in N-S to NNW-SSE directed extensional stress field. The other structures are fractures, veins and dykes which strike 130–150°, 000° and 030–050°. They are likely related to transform faults of the Indian oceanic crust and to faults of the north Kerguelen Plateau (offshore basement of the archipelago). These buried structures were likely re-activated by a low magnitude stress field. |
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