Efforts to reduce sea turtle bycatch in the shrimp fishery in Northeastern Brazil through a co-management process |
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| Authors: | Augusto César Coelho Dias da Silva Jaqueline Comin de Castilhos Erik Allan Pinheiro dos Santos Luciana Sonnewend Brondízio Leandro Bugoni |
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| Institution: | 1. Centro Nacional de Conservação, Pesquisa e Manejo das Tartarugas Marinhas, ReBio Santa Isabel s/n, 49190-000, Pirambu, SE, Brazil;3. Fundação Centro Brasileiro de Proteção e Pesquisa das Tartarugas Marinhas, Rua Antonio Athanasio, 273, 11680-000, Ubatuba, SP, Brazil;4. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, CP 474, CEP 96650-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | The neritic waters of the state of Sergipe in Northeastern Brazil is adjacent to the main nesting area of the olive ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) in the Western Atlantic Ocean and an important area for shrimp trawl fishery. To address the problem of incidental mortality of sea turtles captured during trawling and reduce the risk of overexploitation of shrimp stocks, Projeto TAMAR/ICMBio, a Brazilian sea turtle conservation program, has adopted two main strategies: (1) the implementation of a marine monitoring program and (2) active participation in local forums. This paper describes the conflicts among stakeholders, the arrangements and established mechanisms of negotiation aimed to protect sea turtles and shrimp grounds, and strategies to reduce conflicts between user groups. The analysis of this co-management process highlights the importance of stakeholder participation in resource management decision-making through a cooperative process, the role assumed by non-governmental organizations as mediators, and the factors that influence this system. The key factors and actions learnt from the current study include clear identification of the conflicts, identification of stakeholders – both local and external, and local leaders, encouragement of actors and leaders to participate, support and strengthening of local groups, legitimization of the discussion forums through involvement with government, formalization of decisions taken through legislation, and monitoring of the management efficacy. |
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