Biogeography of the deep-sea galatheid squat lobsters of the Pacific Ocean |
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| Authors: | Enrique Macpherson Bertrand Richer de Forges Kareen Schnabel Sarah Samadi Marie-Catherine Boisselier Antoni Garcia-Rubies |
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| Institution: | 1. Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes (CSIC), C. acc. Cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain;2. Systématique, Adaptation et Evolution”, UMR 7138 UPMC-IRD-MNHN-CNRS (UR IRD 148), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, B.P. A5, 98848 Nouméa Cedex, Nouvelle-Calédonie;3. Marine Biodiversity and Biosecurity, NIWA, Private Bag 14 901, Kilbirnie, Wellington, New Zealand;4. Systématique, Adaptation et Evolution”, UMR 7138 UPMC-IRD-MNHN-CNRS (UR IRD 148), Service de systématique moléculaire (CNRS, UMS 2700), Département Systématique et Evolution, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CP 26, 57 Rue Cuvier, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France |
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| Abstract: | We analyzed the distribution patterns of the galatheid squat lobsters (Crustacea, Decapoda, Galatheidae) of the Pacific Ocean. We used the presence/absence data of 402 species along the continental slope and continental rise (200–2000 m) obtained from 54 cruises carried out in areas around the Philippines, Indonesia, Solomon, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tonga, Wallis and Futuna and French Polynesia. The total number of stations was ca. 3200. We also used published data from other expeditions carried out in the Pacific waters, and from an exhaustive search of ca. 600 papers on the taxonomy and biogeography of Pacific species. We studied the existence of biogeographic provinces using multivariate analyses, and present data on latitudinal and longitudinal patterns of species richness, rate of endemism and the relationship between body sizes with the size of the geographic ranges. Latitudinal species richness along the Western and Eastern Pacific exhibited an increase from higher latitudes towards the Equator. Longitudinal species richness decreased considerably from the Western to the Central Pacific. Size frequency distribution for body size was strongly shifted toward small sizes and endemic species were significantly smaller than non-endemics. This study concludes that a clear separation exists between the moderately poor galatheid fauna of the Eastern Pacific and the rich Western and Central Pacific faunas. Our results also show that the highest numbers of squat lobsters are found in the Coral Sea (Solomon-Vanuatu-New Caledonia islands) and Indo-Malay-Philippines archipelago (IMPA). The distribution of endemism along the Pacific Ocean indicates that there are several major centres of diversity, e.g. Coral Sea, IMPA, New Zealand and French Polynesia. The high proportion of endemism in these areas suggests that they have evolved independently. |
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