| 广东省自然保护区生态网络评价及其生态修复建议 |
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| 引用本文： | 袁少雄,宫清华,陈军,王均,黄光庆,刘峰.广东省自然保护区生态网络评价及其生态修复建议[J].热带地理,2021,41(2):431-440. |
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| 作者姓名： | 袁少雄 宫清华 陈军 王均 黄光庆 刘峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.广东省科学院广州地理研究所//广东省地理空间信息技术与应用公共实验室，广州 510070;2.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室，广州 511458 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家基金面上项目(41977413);广东省科学院专项(2020GDASYL-20200301003);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室项目(GML2019ZD0301)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 以广东省自然保护区作为生态源地，利用最小累积阻力模型，分析潜在生态廊道，通过增加河流与高速公路廊道形成综合生态网络（CEN），并利用α指数、β指数、γ指数和成本比对CEN进行评价，结果显示：由潜在生态廊道构成的基础生态网络（BEN），α、β、γ指数分别为0.54、2.02和0.70，说明其能使广东省自然保护区结构复杂化并形成有效链路；将河流廊道加入BEN形成河流生态网络，其结构更加完善，但因河流本身是两岸基质连通阻力较大的因素，其α、β、γ指数均比基础生态网络有所降低，分别只有0.33、1.64和0.55；由自然保护区、潜在生态廊道、河流廊道、道路廊道、生态节点组成的综合生态网络，α、β、γ指数分别达到0.68、2.34和0.79，说明道路生态廊道的加入，可以弥补河流生态网络的弱点，使网络形成良好回路，对生态网络的稳定性有重要作用。在当前国土空间生态修复的背景下，建议建设、修复生态廊道47条、生态节点52个，以改善自然保护区孤岛化，促进自然保护区之间的物种交流，提升生态系统服务功能，可为广东省的生态修复、生态安全格局构建提供核心框架。
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| 关 键 词： | 广东 自然保护区 生态网络评价 生态修复 生态廊道 生态节点 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-08-18 |
Evaluation of an Ecological Network of Nature Reserves in Guangdong Province,and Suggestions for Ecological Restoration |
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| Yuan Shaoxiong,Gong Qinghua,Chen Jun,Wang Jun,Huang Guangqing,Liu Feng.Evaluation of an Ecological Network of Nature Reserves in Guangdong Province,and Suggestions for Ecological Restoration[J].Tropical Geography,2021,41(2):431-440. |
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| Authors: | Yuan Shaoxiong Gong Qinghua Chen Jun Wang Jun Huang Guangqing Liu Feng |
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| Institution: | 1.Guangzhou Institute of Geography//Guangdong Open Laboratory of Geospatial Information Technology and Application, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China;2.Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou 511458, China |
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| Abstract: | The State Council of China has proposed the development and implementation of a’land and space’ecological restoration plan,which is an essential component of ecological restoration,linking theoretical research to the application of land and space planning.Ecological network restoration is key to the systematic restoration of regional ecological functions.The fragmentation of regional habitats has blocked the exchange of species between island-like nature reserves,risking species degradation and weakening of ecological functions.This study uses the least cumulative resistance model to analyze potential ecological corridors.The nature reserves of Guangdong Province were used as the ecological source.Landscape types based on land-use categories,slope values based on a digital elevation model,and human interference based on land used for construction,were used as landscape,slope,human interference resistance surface correspondingly.The least-cost connectivity network was analyzed using a cost-connectivity tool in ArcGIS.The connections between the input nature reserves were considered as 1stlevel corridors and the connections between neighboring regions were considered as 2ndlevel corridors.By adding rivers and highway corridors to the 1stand 2ndlevel networks,we formed a Comprehensive Ecological Network(CEN).The CEN was evaluated using theαindex,βindex,γindex,and cost ratio.The results showed that:1)In the Basic Ecological Network(BEN)composed of 1stand 2ndlevel potential ecological corridors,theα,β,andγindices reached 0.54,2.02 and 0.70,respectively,indicating that the BEN can enhance the structure of nature reserves in Guangdong Province and form effective linkages.2)The river corridor of Guangdong Province,with its characteristic dendritic structure,improves the corridor structure and increases connectivity.By adding river corridors to the BEN we formed a River Ecological Network(REN),which has a more complete structure.However,because the river itself is a factor of greater resistance to the cross-strait matrix connectivity,the REN’sαindex(0.33),βindex(1.64)andγindex(0.55)are lower than those of the basic ecological network.3)By adding road corridors to the REN,we formed the CEN.The CEN’sα,β,andγindices reached 0.68,2.34 and 0.79,respectively,indicating that the addition of road ecological corridors can compensate for the weakness of the REN,increase network closure,smoothen material and energy circulation,and increase the number of paths available for species diffusion,which plays an important role in stabilizing the ecological network.In the context of the current ecological restoration of territorial space,we suggest that 471stlevel ecological corridors and 52 ecological nodes should be constructed and restored.These corridors would connect to the Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve in the west,Nanling National Nature Reserve in the north,Fengxi Provincial Nature Reserve in Dapu,Meizhou in the east,and Lianhua Mountain in the HuidongBaipenzhu Water Source Forest Nature Reserve in the south,forming the primary ecological security network of Guangdong’s nature reserves.The effects of this network would include:reducing the islanding effect of the nature reserves;promoting species exchanges between nature reserves;enhancing regional ecosystem service functions;and providing the core framework of ecological restoration and ecological security in Guangdong Province.This corridor analysis was performed at a regional scale,limiting its application when restoration work is on a small scale,such as a city or county.Therefore,more specific research is required. |
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| Keywords: | Guangdong nature reserve ecological network evaluation ecological restoration ecological corridor ecological node |
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