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An evaluation of ice nuclei characteristics from the long-term measurement data over North China |
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| Authors: | Jinfang Yin Donghai Wang Guoqing Zhai |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Earth Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China 3. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China |
| Abstract: | An attempt was made to delineate the characteristics of ice nuclei (IN) over North China using the ground-based measurement data from 1963?C2003. The results show that: (1) the IN concentrations increased during the period from 1963?C1996, but decreased after 2000; (2) the average IN concentrations range from 1.0 to 26.3, 3.6 to 78.9, 19.2 to 627.3, and 92.9 to 5285.0 L?1 at temperature ?15, ?20, ?25, and ?30°C, with the overall average of 7.8, 20.6, 167.7, and 890.6 L?1, respectively; and (3) the number concentration of active IN increased nearly exponentially with decreasing temperature, with the slope (ranging from 0.11 to 0.42°C?1) being of a narrow range in a log-linear coordinate; the regression equations for the western central China and the eastern central China can be expressed as N(T) = 0.0396 exp (?0.317 ??T) and N(T) = 0.1496 exp (?0.299??T), respectively. The present study may be useful toward applications in models for predicting IN effects on the cloud, precipitation and climate over North China. |
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