Modeling the timing of spring phytoplankton bloom and biological production of the Gulf of St. Lawrence (Canada): Effects of colored dissolved organic matter and temperature |
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| Authors: | Zhi-Ping Mei François J Saucier Vincent Le Fouest Bruno Zakardjian Simon Sennville Huixiang Xie Michel Starr |
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| Institution: | 1. Institut des Science de la Mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada G5L 3A1;2. Laboratoire d’Oceanographie de Villefranche, BP 8, CNRS & Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI), 06238 Villefranche-sur-Mer Cedex, France;3. Université du Sud Toulon-Var, LSEET-LEPI, Bâtiment F, BP 20132, 83957 La Garde Cedex, France;4. Institut Maurice-Lamontagne, Direction des Sciences Océaniques Ministère des Pêches et Océans CP 1000, Mont-Joli, Québec, Canada G5H 3Z4 |
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| Abstract: | The effects of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) from freshwater runoff and seasonal cycle of temperature on the dynamic of phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass and production in the Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL) are studied using a 3-D coupled physical-plankton ecosystem model. Three simulations are conducted: (1) the reference simulation based on Le Fouest et al. (2005), in which light attenuation by CDOM is not considered and maximum growth rate (μmax) of phytoplankton and zooplankton are not temperature-dependent (REF simulation); (2) light attenuation by CDOM is added to REF simulation (CDOM simulation); and (3) in addition to CDOM, the μmax of phytoplankton and zooplankton are regulated by temperature (CDOM+TEMP simulation). CDOM simulation shows that CDOM substantially reduces phytoplankton biomass and production in the Lower St. Lawrence Estuary (LSLE), but slightly reduces overall primary production in the GSL. In the LSLE, the spring phytoplankton bloom is delayed from mid-March to mid-April, resulted from light attenuation by CDOM. The CDOM+TEMP simulation shows that the spring phytoplankton bloom in the LSLE is further delayed to July, which is more consistent with observations. Annual primary production is reduced by 33% in CDOM+TEMP simulation from REF and CDOM simulations. Zooplankton production is the same in all three simulations, and export of organic matter to depth is reduced in CDOM+TEMP simulation, suggesting that temperature controlled growth of phytoplankton and zooplankton enhances the coupling between primary production and zooplankton production under the seasonal temperature cycle of the GSL. |
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| Keywords: | Gulf of St Lawrence Marine ecosystem model Temperature CDOM Phytoplankton bloom Biological production |
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