| 被动大陆边缘盐构造研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 葛智渊.被动大陆边缘盐构造研究进展[J].地质论评,2021,67(1):159-172. |
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| 作者姓名： | 葛智渊 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京,102249;中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京,102249 |
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| 基金项目： | 本文为中国石油大学（北京）科研基金资助项目（批准号：2462020QNXZ002）的成果 |
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| 摘 要： | 被动大陆边缘的含盐盆地多在重力作用下发育薄皮盐构造。这些构造不但记录了盆地的演化过程,而且往往富含大量的油气资源。因此,被动陆缘盐构造是学术界与工业界共同关注的热点。在传统的被动陆缘含盐盆地模型中,盆地主要在重力作用下形成上坡的拉张区,下坡的挤压区和两者之间的转移区。近年来,国际学术界围绕重力变形在盆地中的作用机制展开了诸多探讨和研究。重力变形在含盐盆地中主要有盆地倾斜控制的重力滑脱和沉积楔差异负载控制的重力扩展。尽管在演化早期盆地的水深较浅,沉积物厚度较薄,沉积物差异负载的驱动力较弱。但是,由热沉降主导的盆地倾斜在早期倾角较小,其驱动力也不强。因此,这两种变形机制都有可能占据主导地位,而且往往共同控制盆地演化。此外,现有概念模型中盆地中段的转移区在自然界中较为少见。最新研究试图从盐下地貌与沉积模式两个方面来寻找盆地中间地带盐构造广泛发育的原因。最后,由于概念模型是静态的,难以反映构造区迁移和盆地多期次演化的动态特点。在实际的盆地中,被动陆缘盐构造的控制因素可能有多个,所形成的构造样式也较为复杂。总体而言,被动陆缘盐构造的研究进展并未脱离盆地倾斜和沉积物差异负载这两个基本控制因素,但在两者的时空变化上有许多新的发展。此外,相较于盆地倾斜,沉积物这个控制因素的系统性研究较少,可能是下一步研究的重点方向。
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| 关 键 词： | 被动大陆边缘 重力变形 薄皮构造 盐构造 陆缘倾斜 沉积物差异负载 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/10/5 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/12/13 0:00:00 |
Advances of salt tectonics in salt- bearing passive margins |
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| GE Zhiyuan.Advances of salt tectonics in salt- bearing passive margins[J].Geological Review,2021,67(1):159-172. |
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| Authors: | GE Zhiyuan |
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| Institution: | 1)State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,University of Petroleum (Beijing),Beijing,102249;2)College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum (Beijing),Beijing,102249 |
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| Abstract: | Salt- bearing passive margins usually develop gravity- driven thin- skinned salt tectonics. Such salt tectonic deformation not only records the geodynamic evolution of the margin, but also has major impact on economically important hydrocarbon resources. Therefore, salt- bearing passive margins attract interests from academic and industrial researchers working on salt tectonics, and are also appearing to the wide geoscience community. Current models of passive margin salt basins generally have an upslope extensional domain and a downslope contractional domain, with a translational domain in between. Recent development of such conceptual models has focused on the variations associated with gravity- driven deformation. Two modes of gravity- driven deformation are: gravity gliding controlled by margin tilting and gravity spreading controlled by sediment differential loading. During the early stage of the margin evolution, sediment differential loading is generally weak due to the shallow water depth and thin layer of sediments. However, margin tilting associated with post- rift thermal subsidence is also relatively small as the margin starts to tilt. Therefore, either gravity gliding or gravity spreading can be the primary control in salt- bearing passive margins. And more often than not, they come together in shaping salt- related structures. Furthermore, the translational domain in the conceptual model has been rarely identified in natural examples. Salt- related structures in the translational domain thus have been thought to be controlled by base- salt relief and variations of sedimentary patterns. Finally, as the conceptual model is static, it is unable to reflect the migration of kinematic domains and multiple episodes of salt tectonic deformation during basin evolution. In summary, recent advances in understanding passive margin salt basins are still in line with the two basic controls, namely margin tilting and sediment differential loading, but with a lot of newly identified variations. Compared with margin tilting, the variations associated with differential sediment loading are relatively understudied thus could be important for future studies. |
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| Keywords: | passive margin gravity- driven deformation thin- skinned salt structure margin tilting sedimentary differential loading |
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