| 中国外卖O2O电子商务的空间扩散与渗透——兼论技术扩散假说与效率假说的适用性 |
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| 引用本文： | 施响,王士君,浩飞龙,王冬艳.中国外卖O2O电子商务的空间扩散与渗透——兼论技术扩散假说与效率假说的适用性[J].地理研究,2021,40(5):1338-1353. |
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| 作者姓名： | 施响 王士君 浩飞龙 王冬艳 |
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| 作者单位： | 吉林大学地球科学学院,长春130061;东北师范大学地理科学学院,长春130024 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41630749);国家自然科学基金青年项目(41801153);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2412020FZ001) |
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| 摘 要： | 基于“饿了么”网站获取中国287个地级市的外卖O2O（online to offline）数据,通过构建外卖O2O扩散指数和渗透指数来表征中国地级市外卖O2O电子商务发展水平和发育程度,从宏观尺度探究外卖O2O电子商务的空间发展逻辑,并对技术扩散假说和效率假说的适用性进行验证。结果表明：① 整体上中国外卖O2O电子商务扩散与渗透过程表现出东部→中部→西部区域梯度递减规律,大部分地区扩散指数处于中等水平,少数城市的扩散指数处于低等或高等水平,空间分布相对均衡;渗透指数空间单极化现象明显,大部分地区渗透指数处于中低等水平,仅有少数城市处于高等水平。② 外卖O2O扩散和渗透过程区域分异特征明显,扩散指数热点区范围较广,主要分布于东、中部地区,表现为从平原热点区到高原冷点区逐渐过渡的空间格局;渗透指数热点区范围较小,主要分布于东南沿海城市,未在全国尺度形成大范围集聚。③ 外卖O2O高扩散-高渗透区主要集中于上海、北京、深圳等经济发达城市,低扩散-低渗透区覆盖范围相对较广,主要分布在西北和西南地区,高扩散-低渗透区较为分散,其外卖O2O电子商务在实体商业的普及度和覆盖率虽然较高,但外卖O2O业态发育尚不成熟,未来市场潜力巨大。④ 中国外卖O2O电子商务空间扩散与渗透过程更契合技术扩散假说,高收入、高学历以及年轻化成为推动电子商务空间扩散和渗透的重要因素,而实体商业的低可达性在一定程度上并未促进电子商务发展。
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| 关 键 词： | 空间扩散 空间渗透 技术扩散假说 效率假说 外卖O2O电子商务 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-08-17 |
Spatial diffusion and penetration about the takeaway O2O e-commerce in China:Feasibility of innovation diffusion hypothesis and efficiency hypothesis |
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| SHI Xiang,WANG Shijun,HAO Feilong,WANG Dongyan.Spatial diffusion and penetration about the takeaway O2O e-commerce in China:Feasibility of innovation diffusion hypothesis and efficiency hypothesis[J].Geographical Research,2021,40(5):1338-1353. |
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| Authors: | SHI Xiang WANG Shijun HAO Feilong WANG Dongyan |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China2. School of Geographical Sciences,Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China |
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| Abstract: | On the basis of " Eleme" website to obtain the takeaway O2O (online to offline) data of 287 prefecture-level cities in China, we construct the takeaway O2O diffusion index and penetration index to characterize the development level and development degree of the O2O e-commerce for takeaway in prefecture-level cities of China, explore the spatial development logic of takeaway O2O e-commerce from macro scale, and verify the applicability of technology diffusion hypothesis and efficiency hypothesis. The results indicate that: (1) On the whole, the diffusion and penetration process of Chinese takeaway O2O e-commerce shows a regional gradient decline from the eastern to central and western regions, the diffusion index of most regions is at the middle level, and the diffusion index of a few cities is at the low or high level. The spatial distribution is relatively balanced. (2) The regional differentiation of takeaway O2O diffusion and infiltration process is obvious, and hot spot areas of the diffusion index are widely distributed, mainly in the eastern and central regions, which shows the spatial pattern of gradual transition from plain hot spot area to plateau cold spot area; the penetration index hotspots are relatively small, mainly distributed in the southeast coastal cities, and high-value areas have not yet formed a large-scale cluster on a national scale. (3) The high diffusion-high permeability areas of takeaway O2O are mainly concentrated in Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen and other economically developed cities, while the low diffusion-low permeability areas cover a relatively wide range, mainly in the northwest and southwest regions, and high diffusion-low permeability areas are more dispersed. The popularity and coverage of takeaway O2O e-commerce in physical commerce is high, but the development of takeaway O2O is not mature, and the market potential is huge. (4) Chinese takeaway O2O e-commerce space diffusion and penetration process is more in line with the technology diffusion hypothesis, high income, high education and youth become an important factor that promotes the spread and penetration of e-commerce space, and the low accessibility of physical commerce generates less effect on the development of e-commerce to some extent. |
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| Keywords: | spatial diffusion spatial penetration technology diffusion hypothesis efficiency hypothesis takeaway O2O e-commerce China |
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