| 基于“三生”系统的典型旅游城市人居环境演变过程及机制研究——以张家界市为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 唐健雄,刘雨婧.基于“三生”系统的典型旅游城市人居环境演变过程及机制研究——以张家界市为例[J].地理研究,2021,40(6):1803-1822. |
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| 作者姓名： | 唐健雄 刘雨婧 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南师范大学旅游学院,长沙 410081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41971188);湖南省双一流学科建设项目(地理学-5010002);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20200505) |
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| 摘 要： | 从“三生”系统切入,结合熵值法和HP滤波分析,按照“演化轨迹描述-周期阶段划分-演化路径及驱动机制剖析”的逻辑主线,探索1989年以来以张家界为代表的典型旅游城市人居环境演变过程及驱动机制。研究表明：① 基于“三生”系统内涵、关系及形成机理,分析得到旅游城市“三生”系统由自然生态、旅游生产和城市生活子系统构成,其人居环境由“原住民居环境”和“旅游者居环境”构成,两者在功能、目标、特征等方面具有较强契合性。② 结合熵值法,测度了1989—2018年张家界人居环境及子系统的发展水平,总体上,人居环境质量持续提升,向旅游城市复合空间转变;生态系统逐步优化,雨涝灾害较频繁;生产系统向旅游业转型,易受重大事件影响;生活系统全面升级,生活水平及基础设施改善明显。③ 依据HP滤波分析,将张家界人居环境演变划分为“介入-分化-调控-共生”阶段,并梳理了三大系统的演化路径。④ 从内外驱动角度,提炼了包含市场需求、旅游资源、宏观环境、政策推动及自组织反应行为在内的五大驱动因素的作用机理,结合VAR模型,从长短期两个方面,量化各因素与人居环境质量之间的动态关系。最后,针对张家界人居环境现有情况,从“三生”视角提出几点普适性建议。
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| 关 键 词： | “三生”系统 人居环境 典型旅游城市 张家界市 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-06-02 |
The evolutionary process and driving mechanism of human settlement environment in typical tourism cities based on living-production-ecological system:A case study of Zhangjiajie city |
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| TANG Jianxiong,LIU Yujing.The evolutionary process and driving mechanism of human settlement environment in typical tourism cities based on living-production-ecological system:A case study of Zhangjiajie city[J].Geographical Research,2021,40(6):1803-1822. |
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| Authors: | TANG Jianxiong LIU Yujing |
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| Institution: | Tourism College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China |
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| Abstract: | From the perspective of living-production-ecological system and following the steps of depicting evolution trajectory-dividing cycles-analyzing evolution paths and mechanisms, combined with the entropy method, HP filtering analysis and VAR model, this study explored the evolutionary process and driving mechanism of human settlements from 1989 in Zhangjiajie, a typical tourism city. The research obtained the following findings. Firstly, based on the connotation, relationship and formation mechanism of the living-production-ecological system, it was found that the living-production-ecological system of a tourism city was composed of natural ecology, tourism production and urban life subsystems, and the human settlement environment system of a tourism city was composed of “indigenous residential environment” and “tourist living environment”, which had strong compatibility in terms of functions, objectives and characteristics. Secondly, by adopting the entropy method, this study conducted the quantitative assessment of the human settlement environment and its subsystems in Zhangjiajie from 1989 to 2018. The results showed that, generally, the quality of human settlement environment had been improved continuously, and transformed into compound space of a tourism city. The ecological system had been gradually optimized, but flood disasters occurred frequently. The production system was dominated by tourism industry, which was greatly influenced by major events. The living system had been fully upgraded, and living standards and infrastructure had been improved significantly. Thirdly, this study divided the evolution process of human settlement environment of Zhangjiajie into four stages of “intervention-differentiation-regulation-symbiosis” based on HP filter analysis, and sorted out the evolution path of the three major systems in each stage. Fourthly, from the internal and external perspectives, this study explored the influencing mechanism of the five major driving factors, namely, market demand, tourism resources, resident participation, government support and macro environment, and analyzed the dynamic relationship between each factor and the quality of human settlement environment based on the VAR model. Finally, some suggestions were proposed to improve the human settlement environment of Zhangjiajie based on the living-production- ecological system. |
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| Keywords: | living-production-ecological system human settlement environment typical tourism city Zhangjiajie city |
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