| 中国高铁站的溢出效应及其空间分异——基于夜间灯光数据的实证分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 牛方曲,辛钟龄.中国高铁站的溢出效应及其空间分异——基于夜间灯光数据的实证分析[J].地理研究,2021,40(10):2796-2807. |
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| 作者姓名： | 牛方曲 辛钟龄 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,北京 1001012.中国西南地缘环境与边疆发展协同创新中心,昆明6505003.中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京 100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(42071153);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA200800000) |
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| 摘 要： | 高铁作为中国交通运输史上一次划时代的变革,对沿线地区的经济发展和区域空间格局产生了重大影响。准确度量高铁站溢出效应及其空间分异规律,对于布设高铁站点、规划高铁新城具有重要意义。本研究解译了2017年前开通的527个高铁站点（对应180个城市）周围地区2004—2017连续14年的夜间灯光数据,采用双重差分法测度了高铁站溢出效应,并解析其空间分异规律。研究发现：第一,在全国层面,中国高铁的投运使站点周围区域经济活动强度提升约4.7%,其中东部地区高铁站溢出效应更为显著。第二,同城高铁站及机场的存在会削弱高铁站的溢出效应,其中机场和高铁站的竞争关系在发达城市更为显著。第三,城市规模与高铁站溢出效应呈非线性关系,特大城市的高铁站溢出效应最为显著;城市第三产业的发展能够提升高铁站溢出效应。此外,与北京、上海、广州（北上广）三大都市的距离是影响高铁站溢出效应的重要因素,随着距离的增加高铁站溢出效应变得不显著甚至为负。上述结论可为高铁站选址、高铁新城规划建设提供重要参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 高速铁路（高铁） 溢出效应 双重差分法 夜间灯光 异质性 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-03-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021-05-25 |
Spillover effect of China's high-speed railway stations and its spatial differentiation:An empirical study based on night-time light datasets |
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| NIU Fangqu,XIN Zhongling.Spillover effect of China's high-speed railway stations and its spatial differentiation:An empirical study based on night-time light datasets[J].Geographical Research,2021,40(10):2796-2807. |
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| Authors: | NIU Fangqu XIN Zhongling |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, CAS, Beijing 100101, China2. Collaborative Innovation Center for Geopolitical Setting of Southwest China and Borderland Development, Kunming 650500, China3. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | As an epoch-making reform in the history of China's transportation, high-speed railway (HSR) has had a significant impact on the economic development and regional spatial pattern of the cities along the line. Accurate measurement of the spatial spillover effect of HSR stations, as well as its spatial heterogeneities and influencing factors, is of great significance for the layout of HSR stations, the construction of new HSR cities and the coordinated development of regions. This study interprets the night-time light intensity of 527 HSR stations in 180 cities from 2004 to 2017, and estimates the spillover effect of each HSR station by using the difference-in-differences approach. It is found that the opening of China's HSR stations has increased the intensity of regional economic activity by about 4.7%. This spatial spillover effect is affected by many factors and has great spatial heterogeneity. (1) The increasing number of HSR stations in the same city will weaken the spillover effect of the stations. And there is a significant competitive relationship between airports and HSR stations, which will weaken the agglomeration effect of HSR on economic activities. (2) Compared with the central, western, and northeast regions, the spillover effect of HSR stations in the eastern region is more significant, indicating that the eastern cities get more dividends in the construction of HSR. (3) The spillover effect of high-speed rail stations will be enhanced by the growth of urban scale, but there is no linear relationship between them, and the spillover effect of high-speed rail stations in mega-cities is the most significant. In addition, the distance to Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou is also an important factor affecting the effect. With the increase of distance, the spillover effect of high-speed rail stations becomes insignificant or even negative. The above conclusions show that the construction of new-HSR towns should take into account many factors such as local industrial economy, city size and location, number of airports or HSR stations in the same city. |
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| Keywords: | high-speed railway (HSR) spillover effect difference-in-differences (DID) night-time light heterogeneity China |
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