| “岩浆热场”说及其成矿意义(上) |
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| 引用本文： | 张旗,金惟浚,李承东,焦守涛.“岩浆热场”说及其成矿意义(上)[J].甘肃地质学报,2014,23(1):1-18. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张旗 金惟浚 李承东 焦守涛 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [2]中国地质调查局天津地质矿产研究所,天津300170 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金重大研究计划（91014001）和面上项目基金（41272065）共同资助的研究 |
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| 摘 要： | 文中首先介绍了岩浆热场的沿革,指出"岩浆热场"并不是一个新概念,很早已出现在文献中了。常识告诉我们,炽热的岩浆侵位必定在周围形成一个热场,这就是岩浆热场。国外在19世纪晚期即对岩浆热场有比较深入的研究。罗文积和陈家清早在20世纪90年代(1997)就明确表述了对"岩浆热场"的认识,并给予精彩的阐述,他们是"岩浆热场"学说的先行者。文中简要介绍了地热场的概念,讨论了岩石的热力学性质、热传导形式、影响热流和地温分布的各种可能的因素。而"岩浆热场"指的是:在一个很短的时间内,在一个局部的地区出现的岩浆活动,使该区域地热梯度相对周边地区明显的上升,使之形成一个局部区域的热场。热场的规模很小,通常只离岩体几米或几公里。热异常和等温线是垂直分布的,叠加在地热场之上。并介绍了岩浆热场的基本特征。岩浆热场与地热场的热的来源不同,热的分布不同,地温梯度不同,热场规模不同,持续的时间不同,热与流体的关系不同以及研究方法不同等。岩浆热场说是建立在岩浆物理性质和岩浆动力学基础上的,它依赖于对岩浆的形成、侵位、冷却、固结及其对围岩的影响等知识的了解。牵涉到岩浆的温度、压力、黏度、密度、流变等基本问题。文中着重讨论了岩浆对围岩的热效应和岩浆热场中的流体等问题。岩浆热场最重要的意义是,它是流体赖以上升的通道。文中还概略讨论了流体和成矿流体来自哪里?流体是怎样上升的?热场中流体是怎样对流循环的?热液双向汇聚成矿理论等。
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| 关 键 词： | 地热场 岩浆热场 概念 应用 岩浆 物理性质 动力学 成矿 流体 |
THE THEORY OF ＂MAGMA THERMAL FIELD＂ AND ITS METALLOGENIC SIGNIFICANCE |
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| ZHANG Qi,JIN Wei-jun,LI Cheng-dong and JIAO Shou-tao.THE THEORY OF ＂MAGMA THERMAL FIELD＂ AND ITS METALLOGENIC SIGNIFICANCE[J].Acta Geologica Gansu,2014,23(1):1-18. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Qi JIN Wei-jun LI Cheng-dong and JIAO Shou-tao |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics ,Chinese Academy of Sciences ,Beijing 100029, China; 2. Tianjin Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, China Geological Survey, Tianjin 300170, China) |
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| Abstract: | This paper indicates, the ＂Magma thermal field＂ is not a new term, and has early appeared in the literature. It is common sense that there is a thermal field around the hot magma when it emplaces up, which is the magma thermal field. The magma thermal field has in-depth studies, abroad in the late 19th century, such as the famous ＂Stephen question＂ discussing magma cooling rate. It is Luo W J and Chen J Q, who clearly express the ＂magma thermal field＂ and give wonderful exposition early 1990s （1997）, they are pioneers of ＂magma thermal field＂ theory exposition. This paper gives a brief introduction of geothermal field, also discusses the thermodynamic properties of rocks, thermal conduction, and the various possible factors affecting geothermal heat flow and distribution. ＂ Magma thermal field＂ means magmatism in a very short period and on a partial region, the geothermal gradient significantly increases relative to the surrounding area, and forms a local thermal field in the region. Thermal field are small, usually only a few meters or a few kilometers away from the intrusions. Thermal anomaly and isotherms are vertical distribution, superimposed on top of the geothermal field. Differences between magmatic thermal field and geothermal field are shown in heat sources, heat distribution, geothermal gradient, thermal field, sizes, durations, relations between thermal and fluid and research ways. The theory of magma thermal field is based on the physical properties and dynamics of magma, and depends on the formation, emplacement, cooling, consolidation of magma and its heat effect on the surrounding rocks. It involves the temperature, pressure, viscosity, density, rheological and other basic properties of magma. The most important implication of magma thermal field is that it is the channel on which the fluid uplifts. This paper discusses the following aspects： Where are fluids and ore-forming fluids （hydrothermal ore） from？ How does the fluid uplift？ How does convective circulation of fluids in the magma thermal Field circulated？ What is the hydrothermal metallogenic by bidirectional convergence？ |
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| Keywords: | geothermal field magma thermal field concepts applications magma physical properties dynamics fluid mineralization |
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