| 中国冻雨的时空分布特征及其对特高压输电线路的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 宋宗朋,刘晓琳,冯双磊,王勃,靳双龙,郭于阳.中国冻雨的时空分布特征及其对特高压输电线路的影响[J].气候与环境研究,2022,27(3):408-420. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宋宗朋 刘晓琳 冯双磊 王勃 靳双龙 郭于阳 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 / 新能源与储能运行控制国家重点实验室 / 国家电网公司电力气象联合实验室, 北京 100192 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目2018YFC0809400、2018YFA0606004，国家电网公司科技项目5200-202016243A-0-0-00，国家自然科学基金项目U1966601 |
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| 摘 要： | 掌握冻雨的时空分布特征对于电力、交通、通信、农林等部门具有较高的指导意义。前期冻雨研究多基于站点观测资料，受限于该资料长度较短、分布不均与部分缺失等因素，目前对我国冻雨时空分布特征的认识可能尚存不足。新一代ERA5再分析资料中包含了其他再分析资料所未提供的冻雨资料，为进一步认识我国冻雨时空分布特征提供了可能。本文使用ERA5冻雨资料分析了1979～2020年我国年冻雨日数和年冻雨量的时空分布特征，结果表明:我国年冻雨日数和年冻雨量集中分布在贵州、湖南等地，直接影响7条“西电东送”特高压直流输电线路，影响长度总计约4900 km；冻雨集中分布地区的年冻雨日数及年冻雨量均呈下降趋势；年冻雨日数EOF（Empirical Orthogonal Function）第一模态（方差贡献36.96%）主要分布在黑河—腾冲线以东，总体呈下降趋势，且以秦岭—淮河线为界呈南北反相分布；年冻雨日数EOF第二模态（方差贡献11.56%）反映出中国冻雨集中地区的2个局地反相分布区，位相交替周期为1~5年；年冻雨量EOF模态的时空特征同年冻雨日数类似。
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| 关 键 词： | 冻雨 特高压输电线路 ERA5在分析资料 时空分布特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-03-08 |
Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of Freezing Rain in China and Its Impact on Ultra-High Voltage Transmission Lines |
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| SONG Zongpeng,LIU Xiaolin,FENG Shuanglei,WANG Bo,JIN Shuanglong,GUO Yuyang.Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of Freezing Rain in China and Its Impact on Ultra-High Voltage Transmission Lines[J].Climatic and Environmental Research,2022,27(3):408-420. |
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| Authors: | SONG Zongpeng LIU Xiaolin FENG Shuanglei WANG Bo JIN Shuanglong GUO Yuyang |
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| Institution: | China Electric Power Research Institute / State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy & Storage Systems / Electric Power Meteorology Joint Laboratory of State Grid Corporation, Beijing 100192 |
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| Abstract: | The spatio–temporal distribution characteristics of freezing rain are of high guiding significance for many departments, including electric power, transportation, communications, agriculture, and forestry. Previous studies on freezing rain were mostly based on observation data. Due to the short length, uneven distribution, and partial lack of data, the current understanding of spatio–temporall distribution characteristics may still be insufficient. The ERA5 reanalysis data contains freezing rain data that were not contained in other reanalysis data, which provides the possibility of further understanding the distribution characteristics. This paper uses the ERA5 freezing rain data to analyze the annual and interdecadal characteristics of China’s freezing rain days and freezing rainfall from 1979 to 2020. The results show that China’s annual freezing rain days and rainfall are mostly concentrated in Guizhou, Hunan, etc., directly affecting seven “West-to-East” ultra-high voltage direct current transmission lines, covering a total length of about 4,900 kilometers. The annual freezing rain days and rainfall in concentrated areas show a downward trend. As for the first EOF (Empirical orthogonal function) mode (variance contribution 36.96%) of the number of freezing rain days, it is mainly distributed along the east of the Heihe?Tengchong line, showing an overall decreasing trend, and there is a north?south reverse distribution with the Qinling–Huaihe line as the boundary. The second EOF mode (variance contribution 11.56%) of the number of freezing rain days reflects two anti-phase regions in the southern freezing rain concentrated area, and the phase alternate period spans from one to five years. The EOF mode distribution of the annual freezing rainfall is similar to the annual number of freezing rain days. |
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