Sediment mobility in response to tidal and wind-driven flows along the Belgian inner shelf,southern North Sea |
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| Authors: | Matthias Baeye Michael Fettweis George Voulgaris Vera Van Lancker |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Geology and Soil Science, Renard Centre of Marine Geology (RCMG), Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium;(2) Management Unit of the North Sea Mathematical Models (MUMM), Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, 1200, Belgium;(3) Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA |
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| Abstract: | The effect of hydro-meteorological forcings (tidal and wind-induced flows) on the transport of suspended particulate matter
(SPM), on the formation of high-concentrated mud suspensions and on the occurrence of sand–mud suspensions has been studied
using long-term multi-parametric observations. Data have been collected in a coastal turbidity maximum area (southern North
Sea) where a mixture of sandy and muddy sediments prevails. Data have been classified according to variations in subtidal
alongshore currents, with the direction of subtidal flow depending on wind direction. This influences the position of the
turbidity maximum; as such also the origin of SPM. Winds blowing from the NE will increase SPM concentration, whilst SW winds
will induce a decrease. The latter is related to advection of less turbid English Channel water, inducing a shift of the turbidity
maximum towards the NE and the Westerschelde estuary. Under these conditions, marine mud will be imported and buffered in
the estuary. Under persistent NE winds, high-concentrated mud suspensions are formed and remain present during several tidal
cycles. Data show that SPM consists of a mixture of flocs and locally eroded sand grains during high currents. This has implications
towards used instrumentation: SPM concentration estimates from optical backscatter sensors will only be reliable when SPM
consists of cohesive sediments only; with mixtures of cohesive and non-cohesive sediments, a combination of both optical and
acoustic sensors are needed to get an accurate estimate of the total SPM concentration. |
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