| 中国乡村振兴背景下的农业发展状态与产业兴旺途径 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈秧分,刘玉,李裕瑞.中国乡村振兴背景下的农业发展状态与产业兴旺途径[J].地理研究,2019,38(3):632-642. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈秧分 刘玉 李裕瑞 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京,100081;北京农业信息技术研究中心,北京,100097;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 全球乡村计划-中国乡村振兴研究(GRP-CRV);国家自然科学基金（41471115,41871109）;中国农业科学院创新工程（ASTIP-IAED-2019-06） |
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| 摘 要： | 中国农业竞争力偏弱,农业发展关乎农业农村现代化目标的实现。本文引入“要素-结构-功能”分析框架,探讨了乡村振兴背景下中国农业发展与产业兴旺的理论基础,解析了中国农业发展特征、影响因素与兴旺路径。结果表明：① 农业乡村已由特别强调农产品生产与社会稳定,转向兼顾产品供应、社会稳定、文化传承、生态涵养等诸多功能。农业的多功能属性,支撑了中国农业的基础地位与广阔的发展空间。② 基于比较优势进行分工、通过产品差异化以提高农业附加值、加强政府支持以化解市场失灵、促进“人”“地”“业”协调耦合,是推动农业发展的主要理论选项。③ 中国农业发展过程中,间接利益相关者的获得感要强于农民群体,同时还面临农业劳动生产效率偏低等瓶颈问题。④ 考虑农业的多功能属性与现实问题,建议切实推动中国农业发展由增产导向转向提质增效,促进产镇融合、产村融合,建立农业要素功能显化增殖机制与“进得来、留得住、能受益”的生产要素配置机制,提高农业支持政策的针对性、协同性与联动性,推动中国农业发展与产业兴旺。
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| 关 键 词： | 农业功能 农业发展 产业兴旺 乡村振兴 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-10-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-01-24 |
Agricultural development status and industrial prosperity path under the background of rural revitalization in China |
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| Yangfen CHEN,Yu LIU,Yurui LI.Agricultural development status and industrial prosperity path under the background of rural revitalization in China[J].Geographical Research,2019,38(3):632-642. |
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| Authors: | Yangfen CHEN Yu LIU Yurui LI |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China2. National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing, 100097, China3. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China |
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| Abstract: | China’s agricultural competitiveness is weak and agricultural development is hence related to agricultural and rural modernization. The research applies the ‘element-structure-function’ analysis framework to discuss the theoretical basis of China’s agricultural development and industrial prosperity, and to analyze the characteristics, influencing factors and development paths of China’s agricultural development. The results indicate that: (1) Agriculture and rural areas have shifted from emphasizing on agricultural production and social stability to incorporating many functions including product supply, social stability, cultural heritage and ecological conservation. The multi-functional nature of agriculture supports the foundation and the broad space for agricultural development of China. (2) The main theoretical options to promote agricultural development are division of labor based on comparative advantage, increasing agricultural added value by product differentiation, resolving market failures by strengthening government support, and promoting the coordinated relationship among “people”, “land” and “industry”. (3) During the development process of China’s agriculture, the sense of gaining of indirect stakeholder is stronger than that of farmers, and meanwhile, it faces bottlenecks such as low agricultural labor productivity. (4) Considering the multi-functional nature and reality of agriculture, we provide some recommendations to improve China’s agricultural development and industrial prosperity. These includes practically shifting the focus of China’s agricultural development from production increase to quality and efficiency improvement, promoting the integrations between production and towns as well as production and villages, establishing a functional mechanism of agricultural factors and a “accessible, retainable, and beneficial” distribution mechanism of production factors, and increasing the pertinence, coordination and linkage of supportive agricultural policies. |
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| Keywords: | agricultural function agricultural development industrial prosperity rural revitalization |
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