| 中国南北过渡带研究的十大科学问题 |
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| 引用本文： | 张百平.中国南北过渡带研究的十大科学问题[J].地理科学进展,2019,38(3):305-311. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张百平 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京 100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技基础资源调查专项(2017FY100900) |
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| 摘 要： | 秦岭-淮河一线在60 a前被科学地确定为中国南北分界线。此后中国地学科学家一直在探索分界线的具体位置和划分指标改进问题;随着数据的积累和认识的加深,还发现了一些新的科学问题。2017年启动的国家科技基础资源调查专项“中国南北过渡带综合科学考察”将秦岭-大巴山定义为中国南北过渡带的主体,拟全面系统地调查和研究其自然地理要素与资源问题,从而实现中国南北分界线研究的全面深化和突破。秦岭-大巴山具有多维地带性结构,表现出高度的过渡性、复杂性、多样性和敏感性。目前面临和需要研究的主要科学问题包括：① 南北分界线与南北过渡带的关系?② 暖温带与亚热带划分指标如何改进?③ 植被-土壤在南北方向上的渐变序列及其形成机理?④ 全球变化与地区关键生物气候指标空间变动的关系?⑤ 秦巴山地的多维地带性结构如何分解与综合?⑥ 秦巴山区生物多样性、特有性的格局与机理?⑦ 秦巴山地东西向廊道效应?⑧ 秦巴山地的区域环境效应及对国家生态安全的意义?⑨ 秦巴山地在中国历史发展中的特殊意义?⑩ 西秦岭的地理结构与华夏文明起源的关系?这些问题既是过去研究工作和认识的总结,也是未来一段时间内需要关注和研究的重点。希望这样的归纳和梳理对于中国南北过渡带和南北分界线的科学研究具有一定的启发和促进作用,为中国自然地理学理论发展、生物多样性和生态安全研究,甚至为华夏文明起源的研究提供新的视角和框架。
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| 关 键 词： | 南北过渡带 秦岭-大巴山 多维地带性 大尺度生态廊道 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-10-29 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-01-04 |
Ten major scientific issues concerning the study of China’s north-south transitional zone |
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| Baiping ZHANG.Ten major scientific issues concerning the study of China’s north-south transitional zone[J].Progress in Geography,2019,38(3):305-311. |
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| Authors: | Baiping ZHANG |
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| Institution: | State Key Lab for Resource and Environment Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China |
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| Abstract: | Since the Qinling-Huaihe line was delimited as the boundary between north and south China in 1958, discussions on the local position of the line, criteria for dividing temperature zones, the line's environmental effect, among others, are ongoing. The National Basic Resources Investigation Program "Integrated Scientific Investigation of the North-South Transitional Zone" launched in 2017, introduced the concept of north-south transitional zone (Qinling-Daba Mountains) and planned to explore the north-south dividing line from the perspective of transitional zone, so as to strengthen and make some breakthroughs in the study of the north-south division. The Qinling-Daba Mountains are the main body of China's north-south transitional zone, with multi-dimensional zonal structures and high degree of environmental complexity, biological diversity, and climatic sensitivity. The following 10 scientific issues need to be dealt with in the years to come: 1) The relationship between the north-south dividing line and the north-south transitional zone; 2) improvement of criteria for identifying subtropical and warm-temperate zones; 3) integral north-south series and variation of vegetation and soil types; 4) relationship between global warming and spatial change of key bioclimatic criteria; 5) decomposition and integration of multi-dimensional zonal structures in the Qinling-Daba Mountains; 6) pattern and mechanism of biological diversity and endemics; 7) the corridor effect of the Qinling-Daba Mountains; 8) regional environmental effect of the Qinling-Daba Mountains and implications for the national ecological security; 9) significance and position of the Qinling-Daba Mountains for the history and development of China; and 10) significance of the geographic structure of Western Qinling Mountains for the origin of the Chinese civilization. These key issues are not only the results of previous research, but also the starting point for further exploration and study in the future. They are intended to inspire and encourage an in-depth study of China's north-south dividing line or transitional zone, and to provide new perspectives and framework for the exploration of physio-geographic theories, biodiversity, and ecological security, and even the birthplace of the earliest Chinese civilization. |
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| Keywords: | north-south transitional zone Qinling-Daba Mountains multi-dimensional zonation large-scale ecological corridor |
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