| 自然观光地旅游企业主移民定居驱动机制探析——以黄山汤口为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨钊,程豪.自然观光地旅游企业主移民定居驱动机制探析——以黄山汤口为例[J].地理研究,2019,38(5):1147-1161. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨钊 程豪 |
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| 作者单位： | 安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院,芜湖,241002;安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院,芜湖,241002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41271172) |
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| 摘 要： | 随着旅游移民现象不断演变和研究的深入,大量旅游劳工移民在迁入地的半定居和永久性定居行为开始受到国内外学者的关注。中国一些著名的自然观光地因开发早、区域人力资源供给不足等原因,吸引了大量外来企业主的迁入和集聚,因而成为研究旅游企业主移民的合适案例地。本文以黄山汤口为例,以旅游劳工移民中的企业主移民为研究对象,运用回归分析判别移民定居意愿的支持因素,并据此构建结构方程模型,探讨生活满意度、经营满意度、继续经营意愿、社会融合意愿、总体感知对移民定居的影响,进而分析中国自然观光地旅游企业主移民定居驱动机制。研究表明：① 与国外发达经济体旅游企业主移民相比,中国自然观光地旅游企业主移民男性比例明显偏高且更为年轻,其家庭主要收入高度依赖迁移后的工作。经营收益情况是其考虑后续定居的重要前提条件。因此,中国自然观光地旅游企业主移民定居意愿可分为购房定居意愿和退休定居意愿。② 探索性分析表明,中国自然观光地旅游企业主移民的购房定居和退休定居意愿的影响因素包括经营满意因素、生活满意因素、社会融合状况。③ 结构方程模型检验显示,衡量经营目标和动机的总体感知变量对继续经营意愿有替代作用。移民经营满意度是其定居意愿的本质驱动力。④ 社会融合意愿和总体感知构成了购房定居意愿的直接驱动力。除经营满意度外,对居住条件等生活因素的满意与否是购房定居意愿的间接驱动力。⑤ 退休定居意愿最强的直接驱动力是购房定居意愿,总体感知既是其直接弱驱动力又通过购房定居意愿对其产生影响,其余变量均是其间接驱动力。
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| 关 键 词： | 自然观光地 旅游企业主移民 定居意愿 驱动机制 汤口 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-07-23 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018-01-26 |
Driving mechanism of tourism entrepreneurial migrants’ settlement in natural sightseeing places: A case study of Tangkou |
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| Zhao YANG,Hao CHENG.Driving mechanism of tourism entrepreneurial migrants’ settlement in natural sightseeing places: A case study of Tangkou[J].Geographical Research,2019,38(5):1147-1161. |
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| Authors: | Zhao YANG Hao CHENG |
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| Institution: | School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China |
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| Abstract: | With the evolution of tourism migration phenomenon and further research, scholars at home and abroad have focused on the temporary or permanent settlement of massive tourism labor migrants. Tourism labor migrants include employee migrants and entrepreneurial migrants. With a case study of Tangkou county in Huangshan, this paper mainly takes tourism entrepreneurial migrants (TEMs) as the research objects and applies multiple linear regression analysis to find supportive elements on migrants’ settlement intention. Based on this, we build a structural equation model to explore the impact of the following factors on migrants’ willingness to settle down, which are life and business satisfaction, continuous business intention, social integration intention, and overall perception on business objectives and motivations. Then we analyze the driving mechanism of settlement of tourism labor migrants in China. The main conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) Compared with developed countries, China's migrants are much younger and the proportion of males is significantly higher. Given that the main household incomes of migrants are highly dependent on current work, economic benefit is the key precondition for their consideration of subsequent settlement. Based on regression analysis, the settlement intention of Chinese tourism labor migrants can be identified as the willingness to purchase second-home for settlement and to settle down after retirement. (2) Exploratory analysis shows that the TEMs’ settlement intentions are influenced by factors of operating satisfaction, life satisfaction and social integration. (3) The fitting process of the structural model shows that the overall perception variable can replace continuous business intention. Path analysis confirms that business satisfaction is the essential driving force of migrants’ settlement intention. (4) Both of social integration intention and overall perception are direct driving forces of willingness to purchase second-home. Besides business satisfaction, it is whether migrants are satisfied with living factors such as climate, natural environment and living conditions or not that has an indirect effect on willingness to purchase second-home. The strongest direct force for willingness to settle down after retirement is the willingness to purchase second-home. The overall perception variable is not only the relatively weak direct force for willingness to settle down after retirement but also has an indirect effect on it, while others are indirect driving forces. |
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| Keywords: | natural sightseeing places tourism entrepreneurial migrants settlement intention driving mechanism Tangkou |
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