| 地理学视角的京津冀地区工业企业融资成本分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李博,李启航,孙威.地理学视角的京津冀地区工业企业融资成本分析[J].地理学报,2019,74(6):1149-1162. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李博 李启航 孙威 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;天津理工大学国际工商学院,天津300384;山东财经大学经济研究中心,济南,250014;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(16YJCZH040);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(14YJCZH078);国家自然科学基金项目(41630644);国家自然科学基金项目(41871117);北京市社会科学基金项目(14CSB010);山东省泰山学者青年专家支持计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 企业融资难和融资成本高是近年来制约中国实体经济发展的重要因素,但是哪些又是影响企业融资成本高的因素呢?基于京津冀地区商业银行分支机构和工业企业的大数据挖掘,定量分析了企业融资成本与商业银行分支机构的距离、1~5 km半径内商业银行分支机构的数量的相关性,解释了地理因素对企业融资成本的作用机制。研究表明：① 总体上看,与商业银行分支机构的距离越近、1~5 km半径内商业银行分支机构的数量越多,工业企业的融资成本越低。② 与商业银行分支机构的距离、1~5 km半径内商业银行分支机构的数量对国有工业企业和非国有工业企业都有显著影响,其中对非国有工业企业的影响显著性更高。③ 北京和天津的工业企业融资成本与商业银行分支机构的距离无关,与1~5 km半径内商业银行分支机构的数量负相关;河北省的工业企业融资成本与商业银行分支机构的距离正相关,与1~5 km半径内商业银行分支机构的数量负相关。④ 与商业银行分支机构的距离对重工业企业和劳动密集型企业的影响更显著,1~5 km半径内商业银行分支机构的数量对不同行业的影响差异性不大。
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| 关 键 词： | 金融地理 银行 企业融资 地理距离 京津冀 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-06-22 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-03-05 |
Analysis of financing costs of industrial enterprises in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from geographic perspective |
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| LI Bo,LI Qihang,SUN Wei.Analysis of financing costs of industrial enterprises in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from geographic perspective[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2019,74(6):1149-1162. |
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| Authors: | LI Bo LI Qihang SUN Wei |
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| Institution: | Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China International College of Business and Technology, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China Center of Economic Research, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China School of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | Difficulties in corporate financing and high financing costs are the major problems that have constrained Chinese real economy, especially the development of non-state-owned economy in recent years. The geographical distance between industrial enterprises and branches of commercial banks is one of the factors that cause high financing costs. Due to cultural differences, transportation costs, information asymmetry, the geographical distance between industrial enterprises and branches of commercial banks will increase the financing costs of industrial enterprises. At the same time, an increase in the number of branches of commercial banks within a certain geographic radius will reduce the financing costs of enterprises. Based on technologies of data mining including Geocoding API in Baidu map, we calculate the geographical distance between industrial enterprises and branches of commercial banks in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. This paper quantitatively analyzes the correlation among financing costs of enterprises, the distance between enterprises and branches of commercial banks, and the number of branches of commercial banks in a radius of 1-5 km. Then we explain the mechanism of how the geographic distances will affect the financing costs of enterprises. The results show that: (1) within the 1-5 km radius, the closer the industrial enterprises are to the commercial banks (or the more branches of commercial banks), the lower the financing costs. (2) The geographic distance has a significant impact on both state-owned and non-state-owned industrial enterprises. Between them, non-state-owned enterprises have a higher level of significance. The number of branches of commercial banks within 1-5 km radius shows the same tendency. (3) The financing cost of industrial enterprises located in Beijing and Tianjin does not show statistical correlations to the distance between industrial enterprises and branches of commercial banks, and but it is negatively related to the number of branches of commercial banks within certain radius. The financing cost of industrial enterprises located in Hebei are positively correlated with the distance between industrial enterprises and branches of commercial banks, and it is negatively correlated with the number of branches of commercial banks. (4) The distance to branches of commercial banks affects heavy industry and labor-intensive industry more significantly. The number of branches of commercial banks within a radius of 1-5 km has little impact on different industries. |
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| Keywords: | financial geography bank corporate financing geographic distance Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei |
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