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Nature of Co-bearing ferromanganese crusts of the Magellan Seamounts (Pacific Ocean): Communication 2. Ion exchange properties of ore minerals |
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| Authors: | G V Novikov S V Yashina M E Mel’nikov I V Vikent’ev O Yu Bogdanova |
| Institution: | 1. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nakhimovskii pr. 36, Moscow, 117997, Russia 2. Rosnedra, Bol’shaya Gruzinskaya 4/6, Moscow, 123995, Russia 3. Yuzhmorgeologiya, Krymskaya ul. 20, Gelendzhik, Krasnodarskii krai, 353461, Russia 4. Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetnyi per. 35, Moscow, 119017, Russia |
| Abstract: | The results of experimental studies of ion exchange properties of Co-bearing ferromanganese crusts in the Magellan Seamounts (Pacific Ocean) are discussed. Maximum reactivity in reactions with the participation of manganese minerals (Fe-vernadite, vernadite) is typical of Na+, K+, and Ca2+ cations, whereas minimum activity is recorded for cations Pb2+ and Co2+. The exchange complex of ore minerals in crusts is composed of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and Mn2+ cations. The exchange capacity of manganese minerals increases from the alkali metal cations to rare and heavy metal cations. Peculiarities of the affiliation of Co2+, Mn2+, and Mg2+ cations in manganese minerals of crusts are discussed. In manganese minerals, Co occurs as Co2+ and Co3+ cations. Metal cations in manganese minerals occur in different chemical forms: sorbed (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+); sorbed and chemically bound (Mg2+, Ni2+, Y3+, La3+, and Mo6+); and only chemically bound (Co3+). It is shown that the age of crust, its preservation time in the air-dry state, and type of host substrate do not affect the ion exchange indicators of manganese minerals. It has been established that alkali metal cations are characterized by completely reversible equivalent sorption, whereas heavy metal cations are sorbed by a complex mechanism: equivalent ion exchange for all metal cations; superequivalent, partly reversible sorption for Ba2+, Pb2+, Co2+, and Cu2+ cations, relative to exchange cations of manganese minerals. The obtained results refine the role of ion exchange processes during the hydrogenic formation of Co-bearing ferromanganese crusts. |
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