Wind-driven estuarine turbidity maxima in Mandovi Estuary,central west coast of India |
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| Authors: | Pratima M Kessarkar V Purnachandra Rao R Shynu Ishfaq Mir Ahmad Prakash Mehra G S Michael D Sundar |
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| Institution: | (1) National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR), Dona Paula, 403 004, Goa, India; |
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| Abstract: | Systematic studies on the suspended particulate matter (SPM) measured on a seasonal cycle in the Mandovi Estuary, Goa indicate
that the average concentrations of SPM at the regular station are ∼20mg/l, 5mg/l, 19mg/l and 5mg/l for June–September, October–January,
February–April and May, respectively. SPM exhibits low-to-moderate correlation with rainfall indicating that SPM is also influenced
by other processes. Transect stations reveal that the SPM at sea-end stations of the estuary are at least two orders of magnitude
greater than those at the river-end during the monsoon. Estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) of nearly similar magnitude occurs
at the same location in two periods, interrupted by a period with very low SPM concentrations. The ETM occurring in June–September
is associated with low salinities; its formation is attributed to the interactions between strong southwesterly winds (5.1–5.6ms−1) and wind-induced waves and tidal currents and, dominant easterly river flow at the mouth of the estuary. The ETM occurring
in February–April is associated with high salinity and is conspicuous. The strong NW and SW winds (3.2–3.7ms−1) and wind-driven waves and currents seem to have acted effectively at the mouth of the estuary in developing turbidity maximum.
The impact of sea breeze appears nearly same as that of trade winds and cannot be underestimated in sediment resuspension
and deposition |
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