| 基于互补相关理论的塔里木河流域实际蒸散发时空变化及影响因素分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 蹇东南,李修仓,陶辉,黄金龙,苏布达.基于互补相关理论的塔里木河流域实际蒸散发时空变化及影响因素分析[J].冰川冻土,2016(3):750-760. |
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| 作者姓名： | 蹇东南 李修仓 陶辉 黄金龙 苏布达 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院 新疆生态与地理研究所 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，新疆 乌鲁木齐830011; 中国科学院大学，北京 100049;2. 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/地理与遥感学院，江苏 南京210044; 国家气候中心，北京 100081;3. 中国科学院 新疆生态与地理研究所 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐,830011;4. 中国科学院 新疆生态与地理研究所 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，新疆 乌鲁木齐830011; 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/地理与遥感学院，江苏 南京210044; 国家气候中心，北京 100081; Potsdam Institute of Climate Impact Research，Germany |
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| 基金项目： | 中组部千人计划项目(Y474171)；国家自然科学青年基金项目(41401056)；新疆维吾尔自治区高层次引进人才项目(Y642091001) |
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| 摘 要： | 基于1961-2013年塔里木河流域26个气象站逐日观测资料及阿克苏河流域与和田河流域水文站逐日径流资料,采用基于互补相关理论的平流-干旱(advection-aridity,AA)模型,计算并分析塔里木河流域实际蒸散发(ETa)时空变化特征,研究ETa与下垫面供水及气象要素的关系,探讨塔里木河流域ETa变化的可能原因.结果表明:(1)ETa与潜在蒸散发(ETp)呈现良好的互补关系,AA模型能够用来估算塔里木河流域的ETa.(2)塔里木河流域多年平均ETa为252.0 mm·a~(-1),1961-2013年呈现先增后减(以1996年为转折)、总体增加(11.1 mm·(10a)-1)的趋势.ETa在1990s最高,1980s次之,随后为2000s、1960s、1970s.各季节ETa大小为:夏季春季秋季冬季.(3)塔里木河流域ETa在源区较高,流域中部和东南部较低;流域大部分地区ETa呈显著的增加趋势.(4)1961-2013年,流域ETa的增加最主要由下垫面供水条件(径流和降水)以及实际水汽压的增加引起;1997年后ETa的减少是由径流和实际水汽压的减少所致.
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| 关 键 词： | 实际蒸散发 平流 干旱模型 时空变化 影响因素 塔里木河流域 |
Spatio-temporal variation of actual evapotranspiration and its influence factors in the Tarim River basin based on the complementary relationship approach |
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| JIAN Dongnan,LI Xiucang,TAO Hui,HUANG Jinlong,SU Buda.Spatio-temporal variation of actual evapotranspiration and its influence factors in the Tarim River basin based on the complementary relationship approach[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2016(3):750-760. |
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| Authors: | JIAN Dongnan LI Xiucang TAO Hui HUANG Jinlong SU Buda |
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| Abstract: | The complementary relationship between actual evapotranspiration (ETa)and potential evapotranspi-ration (ETp)was verified,of which ETa was estimated by water balance and ETp was calculated by Penman firstly,in the Tarim River basin (TRB )in the arid inland region of Northwest China.The advection-aridity model based on complementary relationship was calibrated by the ETa estimated by water balance and is proved that it can be applied to the TRB.The research results show that average ETa in the basin is about 252.0 mm· a-1.An overall upward trend of ETa had been significant from 1961 to 2013,with a rate of 11.1 mm · (10a)-1.However,it has decreased since 1996.The strongest ETa occurred in summer (155.2 mm·a-1), followed by spring (58.4 mm · a-1 ),autumn (33.7 mm · a-1 )and winter (4.8 mm · a-1 ).ETa had increased significantly since the 1980s till the end of the 1990s,and then it had decreased,and the ETa in the 1990s was higher than that in other decades,followed by that in the 1980s,2000s,1960s and 1970s.The spatial distributions of annual and seasonal ETa were mostly consistent,with generally higher ETa in the sources of TRB,while lower ETa in the lower reaches of the river.The increasing ETa was closely related to the increasing water supply (runoff in mountain edge and precipitation both),together with actual vapour pressure increase from 1961 through 2013.The decline of ETa after 1996 has been caused by decreasing both of runoff in moun-tain edge and actual vapour pressure. |
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| Keywords: | actual evapotranspiration advection-aridity model spatio-temporal variation influence factors Tarim River basin |
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