Sources and transport of organic carbon to shelf,slope, and basin surface sediments of the Arctic Ocean |
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| Institution: | 1. Helsinki University Centre for Environment, , P.O. Box 65, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland;2. Finnish Environment Institute, Marine Research Laboratory, Erik Palménin aukio 1, FI-00560 Helsinki, Finland;3. Finnish Environment Institute, Natural Environment Centre, P.O. Box 140, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland;4. Agrifood Research Finland, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland;1. Department of Marine Research, Environmental Protection Agency, Taikos av. 26, LT-91222, Lithuania;2. State research institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Savanori? av. 231, LT-02300 Vilnius, Lithuania;1. Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;2. Oceanographic Research, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Sweden;3. GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung, Kiel, Germany;4. Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada;5. DHI, Hørsholm, Denmark;6. Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark |
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| Abstract: | Lipids in surface sediment transects across the Arctic Ocean were identified to define the sources of organic carbon and the transport of material in the ocean basin. Sterols representing diatoms (24-methylcholesta-5,24(28)-dien-3β-ol, 24-methylcholesta-5,22-dien-3β-ol) and dinoflagellates (4α,23,24-trimethylcholest-22-en-3β-ol) together with algal polyunsaturated fatty acids (20:5, 22:6) demonstrated the importance of primary production to organic matter inputs on the Chukchi Shelf. The presence of terrestrial biomarkers including long-chain n-alkanes and mono- and dicarboxylic acids in shelf sediments indicated that while the fraction of terrestrial biomarkers was small compared to marine material, the transport of allochthonous material impacts carbon cycling on the shelf. Algal biomarkers were found in all surficial sediments from the central Arctic basins, demonstrating that some fraction of primary production reached bottom sediments despite ice cover and light limitation. Marine markers represented a small fraction of the total lipids in central basin sediments. This implies that the basins are less productive than shallow waters, significant degradation occurs before the organic matter reaches the sediment–water interface, and substantial amounts of vascular plant material are exported to the central Arctic. Circulation and topographical features, such as the Transpolar Drift and the Lomonosov Ridge, appear to have an important influence on the transport and focusing of terrestrial material in the Arctic Ocean basins. |
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