Overview of West African fisheries under climate change: Impacts,vulnerabilities and adaptive responses of the artisanal and industrial sectors |
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| Institution: | 1. Sea Around Us, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;2. Changing Ocean Research Unit, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada;1. Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California at Berkeley, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;2. Sea Around Us, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, 2202, Main Mall, Vancouver, Canada V6T 1Z4;3. Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Youyi Building, Freetown, Sierra Leone;4. Trygg Mat Tracking, Postboks 1220 Sentrum, 5811 Bergen, Norway;5. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Biodiversity, Programme Office, A2-18 Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi 110029, India;6. Independent Fisheries Consultant, #62 Bell Mansion, Road 13, Bagong Pag-asa, Quezon City, Philippines;7. Institute of Marine Biology and Oceanography, Fourah Bay College, University of Sierra Leone, Sierra Leone;8. School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia;1. Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia;2. Discipline of Geography and Spatial Sciences, School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia;3. Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia;4. CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia;5. Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia;6. ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia;1. Sea Around Us, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, 332-2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z4;2. Sub-Regional Fisheries Commission, Dakar, Senegal;3. Bureau of National Fisheries, Monrovia, Liberia;4. United Nations Development Programme, Namibia |
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| Abstract: | Climate change affects ocean conditions, fish stocks and hence fisheries. In West Africa, climate change impacts on fisheries were projected to be mainly negative through multi-facet ways. However, analysis of adaptation responses of fishers to climate change impacts is scarce. This paper reviews the impacts on climate change on fisheries in West Africa and discusses the potential adaptation strategies adopted by both the artisanal and industrial fishing sectors. Overall, climate change and over-exploitation have altered species composition of fisheries catches in West Africa. The effect of ocean warming on fisheries is indicated by the increase in dominance of warmer water species in the landings, shown from an increase in Mean Temperature of Catch, in the region. Climate change induced changes in potential catch and species composition, which inherently have similar symptoms as over-exploitation, are expected to have repercussions on the economic and social performance of fisheries. Both artisanal and industrial sectors may adapt to these changes mainly through expansion of fishing ground that increases operation costs. Our results highlight that historical changes in target species are more common in industrial than artisanal fisheries. This result challenges the prevailing assumption that artisanal fisheries, given their limited movement capacity, would adapt to climate change by shifting target species and/or gear type. |
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| Keywords: | Climate change Impact assessment Fisheries West Africa Adaptation |
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