Fishing for the future: An overview of challenges and opportunities |
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| Institution: | 1. Fisheries Economics Research Unit, Global Fisheries Cluster, Oceans & Fisheries, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4;2. International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 7 Chemin de Balexert, 1219 Geneva, Switzerland;1. National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Marine Sciences (ISMAR), Largo Fiera della Pesca, 60125 Ancona, Italy;2. National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Kasr El-Ainy Street, Cairo, Egypt;3. Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT), Alexandria, Egypt;1. Pelagic Ecosystems Research Group, USA;2. Ecological Modelling Services Pty Ltd & Marine Spatial Ecology Lab, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4067, Australia;3. Seven Seas Fisheries Consulting Ltd., Lymington, UK;1. Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK;2. NOAA Fisheries Service, 1315 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;3. SCS Global Services, 2000 Powell St., Emeryville, CA 94608, USA;4. Institute for Oceans and Fisheries, Project Seahorse, University of British Columbia, AERL, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;1. European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen (IPSC), Maritime Affairs Unit, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy;2. Institut de Ciències del Mar – CSIC, Psg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37–49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;3. Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, European Commission, Rue Joseph II 99, 2-70, Brussels, Belgium;4. New Economics Foundation, 10 Salamanca Place, SE1 7HB London, UK;5. AZTI-Tecnalia, Herrera Kaia, Portualdea, z/g, Pasaia 20110, Gipuzkoa, Spain;6. Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management, Gothenburg, Sweden;1. University of Malawi, The Polytechnic, Department of Physics and Biochemical Sciences, Private Bag 303, Blantyre 3, Malawi;2. Leiden University, Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | This paper surveys the current state and major trends in global fisheries; the environmental and social dimensions of fisheries; and explains how the international community has tried to meet the policy challenges associated with oceans and fisheries. The ocean and the freshwater ecosystems of the world make significant contributions to people's well-being via the many vital social and environmental services they provide (for example, food and nutrition, employment and incomes, carbon cycling and sequestration). The impact that the increase in fishing since the 1950s has had on wild fish stocks, and the significant increase in aquaculture production in the 20th century, have resulted in severe environmental impacts. This has significant effects on marine ecosystems and the health of oceans. The erosion of the resource undermines communities' long-term interests, including food security, employment, and income. Attempts by the global community to address challenges of sustainable production by improving the governance and management of fisheries resources range from national management of fisheries resources, to regional fisheries management organisations (RFMOs) for international fisheries stocks. These attempts have not always successfully met the challenge of balancing current and future use of fisheries. |
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| Keywords: | Fishing Aquaculture Sustainability Trade system |
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