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| 县域农村居民点空间格局与可达性——以江苏省射阳县为例 | |
| 引用本文： | 朱彬,尹旭,张小林.县域农村居民点空间格局与可达性——以江苏省射阳县为例[J].地理科学,2015,35(12):1560-1567. |
| 作者姓名： | 朱彬 尹旭 张小林 |
| 作者单位： | 1.南通大学地理科学学院,江苏 南通 226000 2.中国人民银行泰州市中心支行,江苏 泰州 225300 3.南京师范大学地理科学学院,江苏 南京 210023 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（41071114）、江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目（CXZZ13_0400）和卫星测绘技术与应用国家测绘地理信息重点实验室经费资助项目（KLSMTA-201508）资助 |
| 摘 要： | 基于全国第二次土地利用调查数据,借助GIS 软件平台,运用核密度估算、最近邻距离指数、探索性空间数据分析、栅格成本加权距离算法等模型分析江苏省射阳县农村居民点空间格局与可达性。研究表明：在可达性成本上,镇中心半小时经济圈为5 km,成本从中心沿公路网向外围呈增长态势;村中心半小时经济圈半径为1 km,呈现“满天星”分布格局;耕作成本一般为5 min,西部村庄可达性高于东部。在点格局上,农村居民点分布集聚,呈现“西密东疏”的空间格局特征。在规模空间格局上,农村居民点规模普遍较小,具有“太极”状结构。在可达性空间格局上,镇中心平均可达性呈现“双管”结构,高值区在射阳县西部和中部形成条带状分布;村中心平均可达性空间上类似“树枝”结构,呈现中西部高值集聚和东部低值连片分布的格局;耕作平均可达性具有南部高值、东部低值连片和中部高值集聚特征。空间可达性可划分为可达性高值区、可达性中值区和可达性低值区三级,射阳县可达性以中值为主,具有圈层状和“公路沿线”布局特征。 |
| 关 键 词： | 农村居民点 空间格局 空间可达性 射阳县 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-10-28 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015-01-15 |
Spatial Pattern and Accessibility of Rural Settlements A Case Study on Sheyang County in Jiangsu Province |
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| Bin ZHU,Xu YIN,Xiao-lin ZHANG.Spatial Pattern and Accessibility of Rural Settlements A Case Study on Sheyang County in Jiangsu Province[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2015,35(12):1560-1567. | |
| Authors: | Bin ZHU Xu YIN Xiao-lin ZHANG |
| Institution: | 1. School of Geographical Science, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, China 2. The People’ Bank of China Taizhou Central Subbranch, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China 3. School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China |
| Abstract: | Based on the national second land use survey data, this article analyses spatial pattern and accessibility of rural settlements in Sheyang County of Jiangsu Province using models such as Kernel Density Estimation, Nearest Neighbor Distance Index, exploratory spatial data analysis and raster cost weighted distance and GIS as platform. Results show that: 1) In accessibility cost, the radius of half an hour economic circle of accessibility to town center is 5 km. The cost is rising along the highway from the town center to the peripheral regions. Radius of half an hour economic circle of accessibility to rural center is 1 km. It presents ‘stars all over the sky’ distribution pattern. The cost of farming accessibility is generally within 5 minutes and has concentrated distribution. 2) In point pattern, rural settlements are characterized by aggregation distribution. The number of rural settlements distributed in the west is larger than that in the east. The distribution of rural settlements in the south and the center of Sheyang county is relatively dense, and the density of rural settlements is getting sparser and sparser from the south and the center to the north and the east. 3) In size spatial pattern, the scale of rural settlements is generally small. The distribution of rural settlements has the pattern of high density and small scale and low density and large scale. The scale of the rural settlements exists significant positive spatial autocorrelation. The structure of rural settlements looks like ‘tai chi’. ‘Hot spots’ areas are concentrated in Panwan and southern area of Huangshagang. Cold areas have contiguous distribution in the north of Hede, the south of Haihe, Xingqiao and Yangma. 4) In accessibility spatial pattern, the shape of mean accessibility to town center shows ‘double flute’ structure. The area with high value shows zonal distribution and locates in the middle and the west. The spatial distribution of mean accessibility to village center forms ‘branches’ structure. Villages which have better accessibility mainly aggregates in the Midwest, however, villages which have lower accessibility mainly locates in the east. Farming mean accessibility with high value has the agglomeration pattern in the middle and south, but farming mean accessibility in the west is higher than that in the east. Using weighted average method in SPSS software and geometrical interval in GIS platform, spatial accessibility can be divided into 3 parts: high value region, intermediate value region and low value region. Accessibility in Sheyang has mainly intermediate values and a distribution structure of circle layer, layout along the road, obvious gradient feature. |
| Keywords: | rural settlement spatial pattern spatial accessibility Sheyang County |
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