Investigation of tolerance to different nickel concentrations in two species <Emphasis Type="Italic">Matricaria chamomilla</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Matricaria aurea</Emphasis> |
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| Authors: | F Ghanavatifard A Mohtadi A Masoumiasl |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Biology, Faculty of Science,Yasouj University,Yasouj,Iran;2.Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture,Yasouj University,Yasouj,Iran |
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| Abstract: | Contamination of soil with heavy metals is one of the important concerns of public health and food production. Nickel is a heavy metal whose toxic properties have been confirmed. In some plants, nickel has also been known as a useful metal for their growth. In this research, the response of two chamomile species to different levels of nickel was investigated in two stages of germination and callogenesis in vitro conditions in factorial experiment based on completely randomized design. In the first experiment, the effect of different concentrations of nickel sulfate (0, 60, 120, and 180 µM) was examined on germination of German (Matricaria chamomilla) and Aurea (M. aurea) chamomile seeds in the MS culture medium. The results indicated that at high levels of nickel sulfate, the speed and percentage of germination increased in both types of chamomile. In M. chamomilla, with the increase in the concentration of nickel sulfate, the length of the seedling decreased, but the seed weight vigor, length of the radicle, and dry weight of the seedling increased. M. aurea showed elevation in most indices. The results of the second experiment indicated that the M. chamomilla leaf explants had callogenesis and its callogenesis indices showed a significant decrease at high levels of nickel, when compared with the control In M. aurea, the calluses did not grow sufficiently, suggesting the sensitivity of M. aurea’s callogenesis to the presence of different levels of nickel. In conclusion, chamomile appears to be tolerant to nickel stress. |
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