| 生物标志的环境含义及其应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 卫民.生物标志的环境含义及其应用[J].沉积与特提斯地质,1999,19(1):32-58. |
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| 作者姓名： | 卫民 |
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| 作者单位： | 成都地质矿产研究所,四川,成都,610082 |
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| 摘 要： | 生物标志，包括生物的壳体构造、生态特征、地球化学和群落组合等，在地球科学研究中具有十分重要的理论意义和实用价值。本文首先论述了影响生物生存的环境因素，包括地球因素和宇宙因素。并根据西南地区晚古生代地层中主要生物门类，特别是微体古生物的古生态，论证生物标志的环境含义。在此基础上，指出生物标志在地学研究中的应用，包括划分和对比地层、判断沉积相、分析古气候变化、划分生物地理区、推断海（湖）平面变化、指示地质找矿和阐释宇宙演变。最后，探讨生物标志的研究方法，包括分类统计学方法、形态构造学方法、地球化学方法和沉积埋藏学方法。
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| 关 键 词： | 生物标志 生物生存的环境因素 生物标志的应用 生物标志的研究方法 |
| 修稿时间： | 1998-06-20 |
The environmental implications and application of biological indications |
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| WEI Min.The environmental implications and application of biological indications[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,1999,19(1):32-58. |
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| Authors: | WEI Min |
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| Abstract: | The Present study deals mainly with the following aspects. 1. The relationship between organisms and environments. The environmental factors affecting the existence of organisms consist of (1)the terrestrial factors such as temperature and latitude, depth and height, salinity, hydrodynamics, photic degree, oxygen content, basement nature, food supply, volcanic explosion, tectonic activity, plate collage, transgression and regression, geomagnetic field reversal, and (2)the cosmic factors such as supernova outburst, solar flare eruption, planetoid or coment impact. 2. Palaeoecology of various biological taxa. The biological taxa are dominantly composed of foraminifera, stromatopora, corals, brachiopods, bivalves, tentaculite, ostracods, trilobites, conodonts, algae and trace fossils. 3. Applications of biological indications to the geoscientific research. The biological indications have been widely applied to stratigraphic division and correlation, recognition of sedimentary facies, analysis of palaeoclimatic changes, palaeobiogeographic provincialism, sea level (lake level) fluctuations, prospecting and exploration of mineral resources, and explanation of cosmic evolution. 4. Research methods for biological indications. The research methods are involved in analyses of: (1)community and assemblage, diversity and abundance, mathematical statistics and computer simulation in classifical statistics; (2)test shape and size, shell thickness, ornamentation and pore type in morphoteconics; (3)chemical elemtent and stable isotope in geochemistry, and (4)junction, completeness, roundness, sorting, orientation and colour for tests in sedimentary taphonomy. |
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| Keywords: | biological indication environmental factors affecting the existence of organisms application of biological indications research method for biological indications |
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