| 塔里木河下游典型绿洲滴灌防护林地土壤水盐时空动态 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘新华,徐海量,凌红波,张鹏,戴岳,白元.塔里木河下游典型绿洲滴灌防护林地土壤水盐时空动态[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(6):1604-1610. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘新华 徐海量 凌红波 张鹏 戴岳 白元 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;
2.新疆塔里木河流域干流管理局, 新疆 库尔勒, 841000;
3.中国科学院绿洲生态与荒漠环境重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目，水利部公益性行业科研专项，国家重点基础研究发展计划项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过野外定位观测,对塔里木河下游典型绿洲防护林地灌溉周期内、不同滴灌年限以及不同质地类型土壤水盐动态进行监测分析。研究结果表明:①绿洲幼龄防护林地土壤水盐变化属于灌溉周期型;灌后土壤湿润体呈“半椭球型”分布,积盐区位于湿润峰附近;当前防护林（沙壤土）滴灌周期为10 d较为合适。②实施滴灌1 a、2 a和5 a林地（沙壤土）土壤水分亏缺量逐年增大;0～20 cm土层随滴灌年限的增大先脱盐后积盐,20～120 cm土层均表现为脱盐。③滴灌5 a后,粉黏土林地表层板结层的形成显著抑制40～60 cm土壤水分蒸发,盐分呈“表聚型”分布;细沙土林地土壤持水性差,各土层盐分呈“均匀型”分布;沙壤土林地持水性较细沙土林地略高,盐分呈“波动型”分布。
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| 关 键 词： | 绿洲防护林 含水率 电导率 水盐动态 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011-04-11 |
| 修稿时间： | 2011-06-22 |
Spatio-temporal Variations of Soil Water and Salinity in Drip Irrigation Shelterbelt in a Typical Oasis in the Lower Reaches of the Tarim River |
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| LIU Xin-hua,XU Hai-liang,LING Hong-bo,ZHANG Peng,DAI Yue,BAI Yuan.Spatio-temporal Variations of Soil Water and Salinity in Drip Irrigation Shelterbelt in a Typical Oasis in the Lower Reaches of the Tarim River[J].Journal of Desert Research,2012,32(6):1604-1610. |
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| Authors: | LIU Xin-hua XU Hai-liang LING Hong-bo ZHANG Peng DAI Yue BAI Yuan |
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| Institution: | 1.Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
2.Xinjiang Tarim River Basin Management Bureau , Korla 841000, Xinjiang, China;
3.Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology and Desert Environment of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China |
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| Abstract: | Fixed-position observation of soil water and salinity in shelterbelts with different soil texture was conducted in a typical oasis in the lower reaches of the Tarim River. (1) Variation of soil water and salinity in young shelterbelt fell into an irrigation period type. The soil wetting front was a semi-ellipsoid in shape after drip irrigation, and the salt accumulation zone was on the edge of soil wetting front. A ten-day irrigation period was appropriate for sandy loam in the shelterbelt. (2) Soil moisture deficit increased gradually with drip irrigation time for sandy loam shelterbelt. The salinity in 0-20 cm depth of soil reduced first then increased, that in 20-120 cm reduced consistently with the increase of irrigation time. (3) Five years after drip irrigation operation, the compacted surface soil significantly restrained the moisture evaporation from 40-60 cm depth of silt clay soil, and the soil salt was concentrated in the upper layer. Fine sandy soil had poor water holding capacity, which contributed to the even distribution of salt in soil. The water holding capacity of sandy loam soil was slightly higher than that of fine sand soil, and its salinity distribution fluctuated in different soil depth. |
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| Keywords: | oasis shelterbelt soil moisture electricity conductivity water-salt dynamic |
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