Energy efficiency evaluation,technology gap ratio,and determinants of energy productivity change in developed and developing G20 economies: DEA super-SBM and MLI approaches |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Management, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China;2. The Western Business School, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China;3. Department of Management Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong;4. School of Economics and Management, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China;5. Department of Economics, University of Religions and Denominations, Iran, 37100;1. School of Management, China Institute for Studies in Energy Policy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Energy Economics and Energy Policy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, PR China;2. The School of Economics, China Center for Energy Economics Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, PR China;1. Bangor College China, A Joint Unit of Bangor University and Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;2. Institute of Environmental Studies, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;3. Department of Forestry and Range Management, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan;4. Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia;5. Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;6. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China;7. College of Arts and Sciences, Governors State University, University Park, IL 60484, USA;1. School of International Business, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, 611130, China;2. School of Economics and Management, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, 617000, Sichuan, China;3. Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan, China;4. School of Statistics, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, 611130, China;1. School of Economics and Management, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China;2. School of Economics and Management, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China;3. Department of Economics and Finance, Sunway Business School, Sunway University, Malaysia;4. University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Poland;5. School of Management, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310000, China;6. Transilvania University of Brasov, Department of Finance and Accounting, Romania;1. School of Management, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China;2. Department of Management Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;3. School of Management, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China;4. The Western Business School, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, China;5. School of Economics and Management, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan, China;6. Department of Finance and Accounting, Transilvania University of Brașov, Brașov, Romania |
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| Abstract: | This study employed Slack-based measure (SBM), Meta-frontier analysis, and Malmquist–Luenberger index (MLI) approaches to measure energy efficiency (EE), production technology heterogeneity, and energy productivity variation and its main determinants in developed and developing G20 countries for the period 1995–2020. The study's findings are: (i) Average EE for G20 countries is 0.8577, but still has an improvement potential of 14.23 percent. (ii) Developed countries have a higher average EE than developing (0.8927 > 0.8290). Results further revealed that energy efficiency scores in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, France, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, the US, the UK, and Korea are>1. (iii) Technology gap ratio (TGR) value in developed countries is higher than in developing (0.9869 > 0.6801), indicating that developed countries have advanced energy technologies superiority. The average MLI is less than one, showing a decline in energy productivity mainly due to a decline in technical efficiency, as EC < TC. (iv) Developed G20 countries get 0.64 percent aggregate growth in energy productivity as their MLI score is 1.0064, mainly due to technological growth (TC = 1.0161). Developing G20 countries, on the other hand, witnessed a decline in their energy productivity during 1995–2020, as MLI = 0.9925 > 1, designating that, on average, there is a 0.75 % decline in MLI. |
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| Keywords: | Energy efficiency G20 Production technology gaps Super SBM-DEA |
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