| 台风“莫拉克”降水观测与云物理特征的模拟研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐金霞,刘奇俊,宋振鑫.台风“莫拉克”降水观测与云物理特征的模拟研究[J].成都信息工程学院学报,2012,27(3):292-301. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐金霞 刘奇俊 宋振鑫 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 成都信息工程学院大气科学学院,四川成都,610225
2. 国家气象中心,北京,100081 |
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| 摘 要： | 为了研究云中微物理量与台风降水的关系,选取0908号台风"莫拉克"作为个例,利用中国自主研发的全球区域同化预报系统对台风引起的暴雨过程进行了数值模拟。该模式系统中包含有详细的云微物理过程。结合TRMM卫星资料、MODIS云顶温度资料、FY-2卫星云图以及常规地面观测等资料与模式结果进行对比分析。分析结果表明,此次强降水主要发生在福建大部分地区以及浙江东南部地区,模拟6小时累积降水最大值超过90m,模式对此次暴雨的雨带位置及其走向都有较好的模拟。台风中云微物理量的垂直分布基本可以分为3层,由冰晶与雪组成的冰相层,一般位于100～400hPa;由云水和雨水组成的液相层,一般位于600hPa之下,以及由霰与云水、雨水形成的混合层,主要分布在400～600hPa。霰在暖区的融化以及云水、雨水的碰并是降水的主要来源。
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| 关 键 词： | 大气科学 数值模拟 台风暴雨 云物理特征 |
Numerical Simulation of Precipitation and Cloud Microphysical Features of Typhoon MORAKOT |
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| XU Jin-xia
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LIU Qi-jun
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SONG Zhen-xin.Numerical Simulation of Precipitation and Cloud Microphysical Features of Typhoon MORAKOT[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology,2012,27(3):292-301. |
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| Authors: | XU Jin-xia LIU Qi-jun SONG Zhen-xin |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Atmospheric science,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;2.National Meteorological Center,Beijing 100081,China) |
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| Abstract: | For researching relation of cloud microphysical features and typhoon precipitation,a novel approach for numerical simulation of heavy rainfall caused Typhoon MORAKOT with the mesoscale model GRAPES which contains detailed cloud microphysical processes was developed.With the data of TRMM,the cloud top brightness temperature data of MODIS,cloud image data of FY-2 satellite and data from routine ground-based observations and numerical simulation,comparision and anlalysis are done.The results showed heavy rainfall centers locate in most parts of Fujian province and southeastern part of Zhejiang province,and the maxima of total rainfall during 6-hour model time is more than 90mm.The simulation has a higher consistent with the place and trend of rainband.The result showed that the vertical distribution of the cloud microphysical in typhoon can be divided into three layers,.The first layer is the Ice layer which is composed of ice crystal and snow,and generally located in the 100～400hPa.The second layer is the Liquid layer which consists of cloud water and rain water,situated in the below of 600hPa.The third layer is the Mixed layer.which is made up of sleet cloud water and rain water,and mainly located in the 400～600hPa.Graupel thaw in the warm zone and the touchi ng of cloud water and rain water are the most mainly source of precipitation. |
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| Keywords: | atmospheric sciences numerical simulation typhoon heavy rainfall cloud microphysics features |
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