| 藏东南色季拉山气温和降水垂直梯度变化 |
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| 引用本文： | 罗伦,旦增,朱立平,张宏波.藏东南色季拉山气温和降水垂直梯度变化[J].高原气象,2021,40(1):37-46. |
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| 作者姓名： | 罗伦 旦增 朱立平 张宏波 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院青藏高原环境变化与地表过程实验室/中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100101;中国科学院藏东南高山环境综合观测研究站,西藏林芝860119;西藏自治区林芝市气象局,西藏林芝860000;中国科学院青藏高原环境变化与地表过程实验室/中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100101;中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心,北京100101;中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院战略性先导(A类)科技专项项目(XDA19020303);中国科学院野外站联盟项目(KFJ-SW-YW038);国家自然科学基金项目(41831177)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 色季拉山气温和降水垂直梯度变化规律的研究能更好的了解色季拉山动植物分布随高度变化的生理生态特点,也为未来此区域流域水文模拟提供可靠的数据支持。根据色季拉山11个气象站2013-2018年逐日的平均气温和降水量(4-10月)数据,分析了色季拉山及其西坡和东坡的气温和降水量与海拔的关系。结果表明:(1)色季拉山、西坡和东坡2013-2018年各年气温递减率年际变化幅度小,平均气温递减率分别为0.60,0.71和0.55℃·(100m)-1;(2)季节上,色季拉山气温递减率表现为冬春季高值,夏秋低值的特点,并且在色季拉山受印度季风影响强烈的6-9月季风期是相对的一个低值,这与青藏高原其他受印度季风区域的研究的结果一致;(3)坡向的对比发现,相同时段的气温递减率均表现为西坡的气温递减率均高于东坡的,这可能与西坡降水量比东坡少有关;(4)西坡2013-2018年平均年降水总量与海拔的相关性不显著,而东坡两者相关性显著,降水梯度为10.5 mm·(100m)-1;(5)除西坡非季风期降水量随海拔升高而增加外,西坡季风期、东坡季风期和东坡非季风期的降水量随海拔变化复杂,在色季拉山的中海拔区域均存在相对的少雨区,西坡在3035~3698 m,东坡在3326~3390 m,而在色季拉山的高海拔区域,降水量随海拔升高降水量增加。
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| 关 键 词： | 气温递减率 降水梯度 西坡 东坡 色季拉山 |
Vertical Gradient Changes of Temperature and Precipitation in the Sygera Mountains,Southeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau |
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| LUO Lun,DAN Zeng,ZHU Liping,ZHANG Hongbo.Vertical Gradient Changes of Temperature and Precipitation in the Sygera Mountains,Southeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J].Plateau Meteorology,2021,40(1):37-46. |
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| Authors: | LUO Lun DAN Zeng ZHU Liping ZHANG Hongbo |
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| Institution: | (Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes/Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;South-East Tibetan Plateau Station for Integrated Observation and Research of Alpine Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nyingchi 860119,Tibet,China;Nyingchi Meteorological Administration,Nyingchi 860000,Tibet,China;Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;China Agricultural University,College of Water Resources&Civil Engineering,Beijing 100083,China) |
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| Abstract: | Investigating the spatiotemporal patterns of temperature lapse rates and precipitation gradients can contribute to a better understanding of the physiological and ecological mechanism controlling the altitudinal zonality of plants and animals in the Sygera Mountains,and can also provide reliable parameters for future hydrological modelling in basins of the region. The regression analysis between air temperature and elevation and between precipitation and elevation is conducted based on the daily air temperature and precipitation(from April to October)observations from 11 meteorological stations in the Sygera Mountains. The results show that:(1)The multiyear average annual air temperature lapse rate of the Sygera Mountains has relatively small interannual variation(from 2013 to 2018)with the averaged lapse rates as 0. 71,0. 55 and 0. 60 ℃·(100 m)-1 for the western,the eastern and the both slopes,respectively.(2)As for seasonal variation,the air temperature lapse rate is relatively steep in winter and spring,and relatively shallow in summer and autumn. As a whole,the air temperature lapse rate of the Sygera Mountains is relatively shallow during the monsoon season(from June to September)under the strong influence of the Indian monsoon,and this is consistent with the findings in other parts of the Tibetan Plateau where similar impacts from the Indian monsoon can be observed.(3)The comparison between slopes shows that the temperature lapse rate of the western slope is always steeper than that of the eastern slope in the same period,which could be linked with the less precipitation of the western slope compared with the eastern slope.(4)The correlation between annual precipitation(from 2013 to 2018)and elevation on the western slope is not statistically significant,whereas the correlation is indeed significant for the eastern slope,with the multiyear average annual precipitation gradient as 10. 5 mm·(100 m)-1.(5)In terms of the comparison of the precipitation gradients between the monsoon and the non-monsoon periods,the situation is very complex. On the western slope,the precipitation increases with the elevation in the non-monsoon period,but does not show obvious trend with elevation in the monsoon period. On the eastern slope no obvious trends of precipitation with elevation are found in either the monsoon or the non-monsoon periods. There is an elevation band with relatively low precipitation in the middle-elevation area of the Sygera Mountains in both the western(3035~3698 m)and the eastern slopes(3326~3390 m). However,it should be noted that in the high-elevation areas the precipitation consistently increases with elevation for the both periods and the both slopes. |
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| Keywords: | Air temperature lapse rate precipitation gradient west slope east slope Sygera Mountains |
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