| A comparative study of waste landfill disposal in different countries |
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| 作者姓名： | Hongli LI Shenggao CHENG |
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| 作者单位： | School of Environment Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China |
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| 摘 要： | This study draws attention to the fact that natural processes can mobilize thallium （Tl）, a highly toxic metal, which may enter the food chain with severe health impacts on the local human population. A rural area having independent Tl mineralization in southwestern Guizhou, China, was chosen for a pilot study. Tl contents of soils extracted by HNO3 in the study area range from 35-165 mg/kg in soils from the mining area, 14-78 mg/kg in alluvial deposits downstream, and 〈0.2-0.5 mg/kg in soils from the background area. Tl contents in ammonium acetate EDTA-extracted fraction are 0.013-1.3 mg/kg, less than 1% of concentration in HNO3-extracted fraction. The amounts of Tl in NH4Ac-extracted fraction were thought to be more exchangeable and bioavailable, i.e., immediately available to plants and/or available to plant roots over a period of years. Tl concentration in crops exhibits species-dependent preferences. The enrichment of Tl in edible crop species decreases in the following order： green cabbage〉chili〉Chinese cabbage〉rice〉com. The highest level of Tl in green cabbage is up to 500 mg/kg （DW）, surpassing the values of Tl in the soils （13-59 mg/kg）. The enrichment factor for TI in green cabbage is up to 1-10 when considering the HNO3-extracted Tl, but the factor highly rises to 30-1300 while considering the NH4Ac-extracted Tl. The average daily uptake of Tl by the local villagers through consumption of locally planted crops was estimated at about 1.9 mg per person, which is 50 times the daily ingestion from the Tl-free background area.
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| 关 键 词： | 垃圾 掩埋法 环境污染 环境控制 |
A comparative study of waste landfill disposal in different countries |
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| Hongli LI Shenggao CHENG.A comparative study of waste landfill disposal in different countries[J].Chinese Journal of Geochemistry,2006,25(B08):105-105. |
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| Abstract: | With the economic development and the improvement of living standards for human beings, China is facing a serious environmental problem of pollution caused by growing amount of waste. After a comparative study of waste landfill disposal among different countries, such as the USA, Germany and China, there are some mature ways for the disposal of waste in the world, including sanitary landfill, composting, incineration, comprehensive utilization, and so on. These methods are different from each other by their applicable conditions, their dealing characteristics and effects. Waste landfill disposal is one of the efficient ways for dealing with waste because of its merits, such as good adaptability, simple operation, large capacity and low cost. Hereinafter the Jinkou sanitary landfill disposal site is exemplified to discuss the landfill disposal situation in Wuhan, among all waste disposal methods, the current sanitary landfill disposal technique in China is almost the same as in the developed countries, viewed from its levels of research, application, construction and processing, except that there are still some small differences in technical regulations, landfill gas treatment and related equipments used. However, the biggest difference between them is the regulation and management of waste landfill disposal. |
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| Keywords: | waste landfill disposal status |
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